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1、动物学研究2013,Jun.34(3):160−165CN53-1040/QISSN0254-5853ZoologicalResearchDOI:10.11813/j.issn.0254-5853.2013.3.0160高寒草甸常见雀形目鸟类共存机制的生态形态学解释1,211,21,211,*刘力华,陈晓澄,褚晖,孙嘉辰,张晓爱,赵亮1.中国科学院西北高原生物研究所高原生物适应与进化重点实验室,青海西宁810001;2.中国科学院大学,北京100049摘要:生态形态学特征是生物在选择压力下长期进化的结果,对生物的生存和繁衍具
2、重要影响。为使种间竞争最小化,同质环境中关系密切的物种一般具有不同的生态形态学特征,以实现对有限资源的分割。1983—2012年,对高寒草甸生态系统中常见的9种雀形目鸟类的生态形态学特征所进行的研究结果表明:9种雀形目鸟类的各个生态形态学特征指标均具有显著差异;~92.0%的个体被正确归类,除小云雀(Eremophilaalpestris,79.2%)外,其余各物种判别正确率均较高(84.5%~100%),9个物种被分成5个集团(guild)。各集团独特的生态形态学特征与集团内物种的栖息地环境和取食行为相关,最终解释了各个物
3、种如何在高寒草甸生态系统中实现共存。关键词:高寒草甸;雀形目鸟类;生态形态学;集团;共存+中图分类号:Q143;Q959.739文献标志码:A文章编号:0254-5853-(2013)03-0160-06Ecomorphologicalexplanationsofpasserinescoexistenceinalpinemeadow1,211,21,21Li-HuaLIU,Xiao-ChengCHEN,HuiCHU,Jia-ChenSUN,Xiao-AiZHANG,1,*LiangZHAO1.KeyLaboratoryofA
4、daptationandEvolutionofPlateauBiota,NorthwestInstituteofPlateauBiology,ChineseAcademyofSciences,Xining810001,China2.UniversityofChineseAcademyofSciences,Beijing100049,ChinaAbstract:Speciesecomorphologicalcharacteristicsaretheevolutionaryresultsofselectivepressurest
5、hathaveenabledindividualsofagivenspeciestosurviveandreproduce.Closelyrelatedspeciesco-occurringinhomogeneousenvironmentsshouldbemorphologicallydistincttopartitionlimitedresources,soastominimizeinterspecificcompetition.From1983to2012,westudiedtheecomorphologicalchar
6、acteristicsofninepasserinespeciesinalpinemeadow.Resultsshowedsixecomorphologicalcharacteristicsoftheninespeciesweresignificantlydifferent.Approximately,92.0%ofsampleswerecorrectlyclassifiedandthecorrectratesrangedfrom84.5%to100.0%,exceptfortheOrientalSkylark(Eremop
7、hilaalpestris),whichwas79.2%.Accordingly,theninespeciesweredividedintofiveguildsbasedontheircharacteristics.Resultsindicatedthatthenichesofallspeciesweredivergent,andtheecomorphologicalcharacteristicsofthespecificspeciesineachguildwererelatedtotheirhabitatsandforag
8、ingbehaviors.Theseresultsalsoexplainedthepossiblemechanismsofdifferentspeciescoexistenceinalpinemeadow.Keywords:Alpinemeadow;Passerines;Ecomorpho