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1、Unit1LivingwellⅠ.阅读理解Whenit?sfiveo?clock,peopleleavetheiroffice.Thelengthoftheworkday,formanyworkers,isdefinedbytime.Theyleavewhentheclockstellthemtheycouldgo.Thesedays,thetimeiseverywhere:notjustonclocksorwatches,butoncellphonesandcomputers.Thatmaybeabadthing,particularlyatwork.Ne
2、wresearchshowsthatclock-basedworkscheduleshindercreativity.Clock-timersorganizetheirdaybyblocksofminutesandhours.Forexample:ameetingfrom9amto10am,researchfrom10amtonoon,etc.Ontheotherhand,task-timershavealistofthingstheywanttoaccomplish.Theyworkaccordingtothelist,andeachtaskstartsw
3、hentheprevioustaskiscompleted.Itissaidthatallofusemployamixofboththesetypesofplanning.What,then,aretheeffectsofthinkingabouttimeinthesedifferentways?Doesonemakeusmoreproductive?Betteratthetasksathand?Happier?InexperimentsconductedbyTamarAvnetandAnne-LaureSellier,theyhadparticipants
4、organizedifferentactivitiesfromprojectplanning,holidayshopping,toyoga—bytimeorto-dolisttomeasurehowtheyperformedunder“clocktime”vs“tasktime”.Theyfoundclock-timerstobemoreefficient(有效率的)butlesshappybecausetheyfeltlittlecontrolovertheirlives.Task-timersarehappierandmorecreative,butle
5、ssproductive.Theytendtoenjoythemomentwhensomethinggoodishappening,andseizeopportunitiesthatcomeup.Theresearchersarguethattask-basedorganizingtendstobeundervaluedandunder-supportedinthebusinessculture.Thismightbeasmallchangetothewayweviewworkandtheoffice,buttheresearchersarguethatit
6、challengesawidespreadcharacteristicoftheeconomy.Whilemostpeoplewillstillprobablyneed,tosomeextent,clock-timers,task-basedtimingshouldbeusedwhenperformingajobthatrequiresmorecreativity.It?llmakethosetaskseasier,andthetask-doerswillbehappier.1.Whatdoestheauthorsayabouttheclock-basedw
7、ork?A.Itmakesworkersverytired.B.Itremindsworkerstoleaveontime.C.Itmakesworkersawareoftheprecioustime.D.Itmayhaveabadeffectonthecreativity.2.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“hinder”inParagraph2mean?A.Block.B.Consider.C.Increase.D.Value.3.WhatdidTamarAvnetandAnne-LaureSellierfindintheirexpe
8、rimentsaboutclocktimers?A.
