America in the Colonial Era

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1、AmericaintheColonialEra1.PilgrimFathersvIn1620,Puritans—thePilgrimFatherssailedforVirginiaaboardtheshipMayflower.vThereasontofleefromEnglandistoavoidthereligiouspersecution.vTheyLandedinwhatisnowPlymouth,Massachusetts.2.BostonTeaPartyvIn1773,patriotsstagedthe“Bosto

2、nTeaParty”inresponsetotheteatax.vTheyboardedBritishmerchantshipsandtossed342cratesofteaintoBostonharbor.vBritishParliamentthenpassedTheIntolerableActs:3.TheFirstContinentalCongressTheFirstContinentalCongressheldinSeptember,1774.AmeetingofcolonialleaderswhoopposedBr

3、itishoppressionwasheldinPhiladelphia.TheyurgedAmericanstodisobeyTheIntolerableActsandtoboycott(抵制)Britishtrade.Atthesametime,thecolonistsbegantodefendthemselves.TheWarofIndependence1TheShotofLexingtonvOnApril19,BritishtroopsweresenttoLexingtonandConcordtodisarmtheA

4、mericanmilitiamen.vThefirstshotintheAmericanWarofIndependence.2TheSecondContinentalCongressnItwasHeldinPhiladelphiainMay1775nAssumethefunctionsofanationalgovernmentnFoundingContinentalArmyandNavyunderthecommandofGeorgeWashington.nPrintingpapermoneyandopeningdiploma

5、ticrelationswithforeignpowers.GeorgeWashington,awealthyVirginiaplanter,wasrespectedasamanofabilityandintegrity.•OnceacolonelintheFrenchandIndianWar;OneofthefewAmericanswithconsiderablemilitaryexperience;LedthecontinentalarmytothevictoryoftheIndependenceWar.3Declara

6、tionofIndependencevTheDeclarationofIndependencewasdraftbyThomasJefferson.vOnJuly4,1776,theDeclarationofIndependencewassigned.Q.WhatdoestheDeclarationofIndependencetellus?Ittellsofthetheoryofpolitics,whichlatteriscentraltotheWesternpoliticaltradition:•Menhavenatural

7、right,theyare“Life,Libertyandthepursuitofhappiness”;•Governmentcanruleonlywith“theconsentofthegoverned”;•Anygovernmentmaybedissolvedwhenitfailstoprotecttherightofthepeople.Ithadtwoparts:§Thefirstpartjustifiedtherightofpeopletorebelagainstagovernmentthatdeniedthemth

8、eirnaturalrights.8§ThesecondpartwasadetailedindictmentofKingGeorgeforcruelties,crimesandillegalpoliticalactsagainsthumanityandAmerica.Afterbeingp