激光辐射对人眼的危害- 中英版

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1、激光辐射对人眼的危害TheharmsofLaserradiationtohumaneyes　　由于激光的特性，可使能量在空间和时间上高度集中。通过眼的屈光介质聚焦在视网膜上形成影像，而使视网膜上的能量密度较角膜上入射能量密度提高104～105；激光单色性好，在眼底的色差小。上述特点致使极低的激光能量照射即可引起眼角膜或视网膜的损伤。Becausethecharacteristicoflaser,itcanmakeenergyhighlyconcentratedinspaceandintime.Throughtheeye’sre

2、fractingmediathatfocusingonretinatoformanimage,thentheincidentenergydensityonretinacanincrease104～105thantheincidentenergydensityoncornea;Themonochromaticityoflaserisgood,andthechromaticaberrationissmallontheocularfundus.Theabovefeaturescancausethedamageofcorneaorre

3、tinabyverylowlaserradiation. 不同波长激光眼损伤部位Theinjuredpartofeyesbydifferentwavelengthlasers. 波长分区WavelengthDivision波长范围(nm)WavelengthRange(nm)主要损伤部位MianInjuredPart紫外激光UVlaser180-400角膜、晶状体Cornea,lens可见激光Visiblelaser400-700视网膜、脉络膜Retina,choroid近红外激光Near-infraredlaser700-1

4、400视网膜、脉络膜、晶状体Retina,choroid,lens中、远红外激光mid-infraredlaser,farinfraredlaser1400-106角膜cornea 眼底对几种激光的有效吸收率Theeffectiveabsorptivityofseverallasersbyocularfundus. 激光器Laser波长(nm)wavelength(nm)吸收率(%)absorptivity(%)介质透过率Transmissionmedia(%)有效吸收率Effectiveabsorptivity(%)钕激光N

5、eodymiumlaser106412425.04红宝石Ruby694.4569653.7氩离子488-514708056Argonion倍频FrequencydoublingNd:YAG532748865包括视网膜色素上皮和脉络膜的吸收Includingtheabsorption/absorptivityofretinochromeepitheliumandchoroid. 激光损伤事故的主要症状Themainsymptomofinjuryaccidentbylaser. 事故发生时，多数受伤者感到眼前突然闪光，继而出现一个

6、不同颜色、不同大小的光斑或暗影，个别人眼部有冲击感，与此同时，视力出现不同程度的下降，重者短时间内不能分清眼前物体，有的伤后出现数小时的目弦及畏光。Whentheaccidenthappens,mostofwoundedpersonsfeelthatflashsuddenlyappearbeforetheireyes,thenappearafaculaorshadowofdifferentcolouranddifferentsize,fewpeoplefeelsimpactoneyes.Atthesametime,theirv

7、isiondeclineindifferentdegrees.Severecasescannotseeobjectsbeforetheireyesclearly,somepeopleappearsdizzyandphotophobiaformanyhoursafterinjured. 激光眼事故损伤照射统计Thestatisticsofeyes’injuryaccidentbylaserradiation. 激光器Laser发射方式Radiationpattern波长wavelength（nm）受伤人数Numberofinju

8、redpeople损伤眼次NumberofinjuryoneyesNd：YAG超短脉冲Utrashortpulse106411Nd：YAG巨脉冲Giantpulse10642324Nd：YAP巨脉冲Giantpulse106411红宝石长脉冲Longpulse694.4111