常用戏剧术语

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1、常用戏剧术语1.Drama–Theformofcompositiondesignedforperformanceinthetheater,inwhichact0rstaketherolesofthecharacters,performtheindicatedaction,andutterthewrittendialogue.Thecommonalternativenameforadramaticcompositionisaplay.Apersonwhowritesaplayisadramatist/playwright剧作家Thefirstdramastobewrittenfort

2、heexpresspurposeofbeingperformedwerecreatedbytheGreeks.ManymoderndramatermsderivefromGreekorigins.(1)Formsofdrama:Poeticdrama-writteninverse诗剧Closetdrama-playsinitiallymeanttobeperformedorrecitedatsmallgatheringsorreadinprivate.Example:Shelley’sPrometheusUnbound(1820)文房剧Screenplay电影剧本,formovie

3、s,havemorecomplexandstrictrulesforformatting.(2)Typesofdrama:Comedy–IntheGreeksense,aplaythatdoesn’tendindeath.Inmodernusage,referstoaplaythatishumorous.喜剧Tragedy–IntheGreeksense,aplaythatendswiththedeathofatleastoneofthemaincharacters.Inmodernusage,referstoaplaythatdoesn’thaveahappyending.悲剧T

4、ragicomedy-thetermusedtodescribeadramathatincorporatesbothtragicandcomedicelements.Thishybridformwaspopularizedinthesixteenthandseventeenthcenturies.Playswritteninthismodeoftenfeaturedtragicconflictsthatresolvehappilythroughunexpected--sometimesimprobable--plottwists.Example:Shakespeare’sTheMe

5、rchantofVenice悲喜剧2.Script–thewrittentextofaplay.Usuallyincludesalistofcharactersthatappearintheplaywithabriefdescriptionofwhatthecharacterislike(DramatisPersonae剧中人物表),briefdescriptionsofthesetsorsetting背景/布景,andthelines台词thecharacterswillspeak.剧本Act–Amajorsectionofaplay,similartoachapterinabo

6、ok;anactisusuallymadeupofseveralscenes.Thefive-actstructurewasoriginallyintroducedinRomantimesandbecametheconventioninShakespeare’speriod.Inthe19thcenturythiswasreducedtofouractsand20thcenturydramatendstofavorthreeacts.幕Scene–asubdivisionofanact;usually,asceneindicatesaspecificlocationortime,a

7、ndchangesifanotherlocationortimeissupposedtobepresented.场Stagedirection–adescription(asofacharacterorsetting)ordirection(astoindicatestagebusiness)providedinthetextofaplay,usuallyindicatedwithitalicsand/orparentheses.Itmayindicatewheret