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1、外文翻译资料原文学院专业班级学生姓名指导教师RobotDarrickAddison(dtadd95@bellatlantic.net),SeniorSoftwareEngineer/Consultant,ASCTechnologiesInc.01Sep2001"Are-programmable,multifunctionalmanipulatordesignedtomovematerial,parts,tools,orspecializeddevicesthroughvariousprogrammedmotionsfortheperformanceofavariety
2、oftasks."--FromtheRobotInstituteofAmerica,1979DarrickAddison,anexperienceddeveloperindatabases,networks,userinterfaces,andembeddedsystems,introducesthefieldofroboticsandtheissuessurroundingroboticsystems.Hecoversmechanicaldesign,sensorysystems,electroniccontrol,andsoftware.Healsodiscuss
3、esmicrocontrollersystems,includingserialandmemory-mappedinterfacing,andtalksaboutsomeoftheavailableopensourcesoftwareoptions.Theword"robot"originatesfromtheCzechwordforforcedlabor,orserf.ItwasintroducedbyplaywrightKarelCapek,whosefictionalroboticinventionsweremuchlikeDr.Frankenstein'smo
4、nster--creaturescreatedbychemicalandbiological,ratherthanmechanical,methods.Butthecurrentmechanicalrobotsofpopularculturearenotmuchdifferentfromthesefictionalbiologicalcreations.Basicallyarobotsconsistsof:·Amechanicaldevice,suchasawheeledplatform,arm,orotherconstruction,capableofinterac
5、tingwithitsenvironment·Sensorsonoraroundthedevicethatareabletosensetheenvironmentandgiveusefulfeedbacktothedevice·Systemsthatprocesssensoryinputinthecontextofthedevice'scurrentsituationandinstructthedevicetoperformactionsinresponsetothesituationInthemanufacturingfield,robotdevelopmentha
6、sfocusedonengineeringroboticarmsthatperformmanufacturingprocesses.Inthespaceindustry,roboticsfocusesonhighlyspecialized,one-of-kindplanetaryrovers.Unlikeahighlyautomatedmanufacturingplant,aplanetaryroveroperatingonthedarksideofthemoon--withoutradiocommunication--mightrunintounexpectedsi
7、tuations.Ataminimum,aplanetaryrovermusthavesomesourceofsensoryinput,somewayofinterpretingthatinput,andawayofmodifyingitsactionstorespondtoachangingworld.Furthermore,theneedtosenseandadapttoapartiallyunknownenvironmentrequiresintelligence(inotherwords,artificialintelligence).Fro
