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1、UnderstandingtheChallengesoftheDigitalEconomy:TheNatureofDigitalGoodsThierryRAYNAImperialCollegeLondonAbstract:Thisarticleinvestigatestheeconomicnatureandcharacteristicsofdigitalgoods.Suchgoodsare,duetotheirreplicability,showntobepublicgoods(albeitinanevolutionaryw
2、ay)anddurablegoods.Furthermore,thecontentofsuchgoods,combinedwiththeirdurability,makesthemexperiencegoods.Whileonlyoneofthesecharacteristicswouldbesufficienttocreatedifficultiesforproducersandleadtomarketfailure,thisarticledemonstratesthateachofthecharacteristicsre
3、inforcestheother.Theframeworkpresentedinthearticleisthenappliedtotwoimportantissues:thenewtrendofmassiveconsumerpiracyandtheoverallproblemofvalueofdigitalgoods.Keywords:digitalgoods,publicgoods,durablegoods,experiencegoods,piracy.helastdecadehasseentheadventandgrow
4、thoftwostronglylinkedTphenomenawhichhaveledtoimportantchangesintheworldwideeconomy.Thefirstisthedevelopmentofthedigitaleconomy,basedonthedigitalisationofpreviouslyexistinggoodsandonthedevelopmentofnewpurelydigitalgoods.Thistechnologyhasnotonlypermittedthecreationof
5、manynewgoodsorservices,buthasalsodramaticallychangedthewayanentirecategoryofgoodsintheeconomyarecreated,produced,distributed,exchangedandconsumed.Digitaltechnologyhascausedadrasticdecreaseinreproductioncostsanddistributioncosts(andeven,sometimes,ininitialproduction
6、costs),therebyleadingtoimportantstructuralchangesintheeconomyandpotentiallyaglobalriseofsocialwelfare,duetotheincreaseinquantity,qualityandvarietyofgoodsandservicesavailableintheeconomy.Whileoriginallyrestrictedtoafewtypesofgood(software,mostly),thescopeofuseofdigi
7、taltechnologyhasprogressivelyincreasedtoencompassmanykindsofgoods:music,films,photos,books,etc.Thesecondphenomenon,whichhasfollowedthesameincreasingtrendasthefirst,isthedevelopmentandgeneralisationofconsumerpiracy.Althoughconsumerpiracyhasalwaysexistedandhadalready
8、becomeanimportantissuesincethereleaseofearlyconsumer-orientedduplicatingtechnologies,thepiracyphenomenonhasneverbeenasstrongasitisrdCOMMUNICATION
