资源描述：
《40621_A_Cooperative_Species__Human_Reciprocity_and_Its_Evolution》由会员上传分享，免费在线阅读，更多相关内容在学术论文-天天文库。
1、ACooperativeSpeciesThispageintentionallyleftblankACooperativeSpeciesHUMANRECIPROCITYANDITSEVOLUTIONSamuelBowlesandHerbertGintisPrincetonUniversityPressPrincetonandOxfordCopyrightc2011bySamuelBowlesandHerbertGintisRequestsforpermissiontoreproducematerialfromthisworkshouldbesenttoPermissions,P
2、rincetonUniversityPressPublishedbyPrincetonUniversityPress,41WilliamStreet,Princeton,NewJersey08540IntheUnitedKingdom:PrincetonUniversityPress,6OxfordStreet,Woodstock,OxfordshireOX201TWpress.princeton.eduJacketart:TheZamenkomstPanel,discoveredintheMacleardistrictinthesouthernDrakensbergMounta
3、ins.ImageprovidedbyIzikoMuseumsofCapeTown,IzikoSocialHistoryCollections.AllRightsReservedLibraryofCongressCataloging-in-PublicationDataBowles,Samuel.Acooperativespecies:humanreciprocityanditsevolution/SamuelBowles,HerbertGintis.p.cm.Includesbibliographicalreferencesandindex.ISBN978-0-691-1512
4、5-0(hbk.:alk.paper)1.Cooperation.2.Cooperativeness.3.Behaviorevolution.I.Gintis,Herbert.II.Title.HD2961.B6872011302.1’4-dc222010046861BritishLibraryCataloging-in-PublicationDataisavailableThepublisherwouldliketoacknowledgetheauthorsofthisvolumeforprovidingthecamera-readycopyfromwhichthisbookw
5、asprintedThisbookhasbeencomposedinTimesandMathtimePrintedonacid-freepaper.1PrintedintheUnitedStatesofAmerica10987654321ForJamesChaney(1943–1964),AndrewGoodman(1943–1964),andMichaelSchwerner(1939–1964)ThispageintentionallyleftblankContentsPrefacexi1ACooperativeSpecies12TheEvolutionofAltruismin
6、Humans82.1Preferences,Beliefs,andConstraints92.2SocialPreferencesandSocialDilemmas102.3Genes,Culture,Groups,andInstitutions132.4Preview183SocialPreferences193.1StrongReciprocityIsCommon203.2Free-RidersUndermineCooperation223.3AltruisticPunishmentSustainsCooperation243.4EffectivePunishmentDepe
7、ndsonLegitimacy263.5PurelySymbolicPunishmentIsEffective293.6PeoplePunishThoseWhoHurtOthers313.7SocialPreferencesAreNotIrrational323.8CultureandInstitutionsMatter333.9BehaviorIsConditionedonGroupMembership353.10PeopleEnjoyCooperatingandPunishi
