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1、VviewpointsDOI:10.1145/1721654.1721667MichaelCusumanotechnologyStrategyandManagementCloudComputingandSaaSasnewComputingPlatformsTobecomeanindustryplatform,vendorsmustopentheirinfrastructuretechnologytootherproductcompanies.heReiSnOdoubtthatsoft-wareasaservi
2、ce(SaaS)aswellasthemoregeneralTinfrastructuretechnologythatfacilitatesthistypeofsoftwaredeliveryandpricing—cloudcomputing—arebecomingnewplat-formsforenterpriseandpersonalcomputing.aTheycompetewithtra-ditionaldesktoporhandheldcom-puters(includingsmartphones)
3、thatrunapplicationsdirectlyonthedevices.WecanseealltheplatformconceptsdiscussedinmypreviousCommunicationscolumn(“TheEvo-lutionofPlatformThinking,”Janu-ary2010):directandindirectnet-workeffectsattheecosystemlevelaswellasfirmsofferinginfrastructureinadditiont
4、oproducts,openver-susclosedsystems,andconflictsofinterestemergingbetweenplatformleadersandtheircomplementors.ButSaaSandcloudcomputingrisetothelevelofanindustryplatformonlywhenfirmsopentheirtechnologytootherindustryplayers,includingagedsoftwareproducts.Wheth
5、erSaaSinghaveemergedgradually.bInfact,complementorsandpotentialcompet-andthecloudcompetitionare“win-deliveringsoftwareapplicationsoveraitors,ratherthansimplyusingtheWebnertakeall”markets(likeMicrosoftnetworkisanoldideabut,inthepast,asanalternativedeliveryan
6、dpricingindesktopoperatingsystemsorthemechanismforwhatusedtobepack-VHSformatinhomeVCRs)or“winnerbTheanalysisheredrawsheavilyonR.Bhat-takemost”(suchasGoogleinInternettacharjee,“AnAnalysisoftheCloudComput-yrIChardMIasearch)remainstobeseen.ButwecaningPlatforms
7、”(Cambridge,MA:UnpublishedaThiscolumnisbasedonportionsofmyforth-Master’sThesisinSystemDesignandManage-analyzethisquestionthroughthelenscomingbook,StayingPower:SixEnduringPrin-ment,MassachusettsInstituteofTechnology,ciplesforManagingStrategyandInnovationinan
8、ofplatformdynamics.June2009).AlsoseeB.Hayes,“CloudComput-IonbstratILLUUncertainWorld(OxfordUniversityPress,2010).TheideasofSaaSandcloudcomput-ing,”Commun.ACM51,7(July2008),9–11.APRiL2010
9、vOL.53
10、nO.4
11、Co
