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1、GLOBALIMMUNIZATIONNEWSTheinformationcontainedinthisNewsletterdependsuponyourcontributionsPleasesendinputsforinclusionto:nicolash@who.int25April2008TECHNICALINFORMATIONPOLIO25/04/08fromOliverRosenbauer,WHO/HQ:Polioeradication-MostrecentpoliocasesinAngolaandSudandemonst
2、rateongoingriskofimportationsAcaseofparalyticpoliomyelitis(polio)duetowildpoliovirustype1(WPV1),withonsetofparalysison2March2008,hasbeenreportedinthesouthernpartofSudan(Jongleiprovince)inanareaborderingEthiopia.ItisthefirstpoliocasedetectedEastofChadsinceSeptember2007
3、(mostrecentcasesintheHornofAfrica:Sudan,September2007;Somalia,March2007;Ethiopia,November2006).ThismostrecentWPV1isgenetically-relatedtovirusoriginatinginNorthernNigeriathatspreadacrosstheregion,andwhichcausedoutbreaksacrosstheHornofAfrica.AcombinedSudan/Ethiopiaoutbr
4、eakresponseiscurrentlybeingplanned.Twolarge-scalesupplementaryimmunizationactivities(SIAs)coveringthewholeofSouthernSudan(targetpopulation:approximately2.5millionchildren)and52woredas(districts)ofSouth-WesternEthiopiaborderingsouthernSudan(targetpopulation:approximate
5、ly400,000children)willbeheldinearlyMayandagaininearlyJune,usingmonovalentoralpoliovaccinetype1(mOPV1).Keytosuccesswillbetoreacheverychild,especiallythoselivinginremote,difficult-to-accessareas,aswellasthoselivinginzonesofconflict.Althoughcurrentpopulationimmunitylevel
6、sacrosstheHornofAfricaarehigherthanin2004-2005whenlargeoutbreaksoccurredinthisregion,theriskoffurtherpoliospreadremains,compoundedbyfrequentpopulationmovements.PlansforfurtherSIAsinthesecondhalfof2008,andlonger-termplansforstrengtheningsubnationalsurveillanceacrosssev
7、eralcountriesinCentralAfrica,arecurrentlybeingdeveloped.InAngola,confirmationofapoliocaseduetowildpoliovirustype3(WPV3)hasbeenreceived,withonsetofparalysison19March(fromLuandaprovince).AngolaisalreadyfightinganoutbreakofWPV1,andthisisthefirstWPV3reportedfromthecountry
8、since2000.PreliminarygeneticdataindicatesthisvirusisofSouthAsianorigin,andrepresentsthethirdseparateimportationfromSouthAsia
