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1、LanguageLearning46:1,March1996,pp.141-176ReviewArticleReconsideringtheRoleofInteractionandInputinSecondLanguageAcquisitionSusanM.BraidiArizonaStateUniversityThisarticlereviewsthefindingsofresearchonsecondlanguage(L2)interactionfromtheperspectiveofL2syn-tactic
2、development.Previousstudiesprovideuswithabroadviewofthegrammaticalnatureofinteraction.How-ever,theyhavenotrevealedhowinteractionaffectsgram-maticaldevelopment,norhavetheyconsideredthespecificrelationbetweeninteractionalstructureandgrammaticalstructure.Iarguet
3、hatinordertobetterunderstandtheroleofnegotiatedinteractioninL2syntacticdevelopment,itisnecessarytoexaminethespecificgrammaticalstruc-turesininteractionguidedbythecriteriaofrelevance,availability,accessibility,andeffect.Byexamininginter-actionfromamorefocusedp
4、erspective,thatis,UniversalGrammartriggers,onecanaskprecisequestionsaboutthegrammaticalcharacteristicsofinteractionandcanmakeveryspecificrecommendationsaboutfurtherstudy.Morefine-tunedgrammaticalmeasuresareneededtounder-standthegrammaticalcharacteristicsofint
5、eractionandtheireffectsonL2syntacticdevelopment.CorrespondenceconcerningthisarticleshouldbeaddressedtoSusanM.Braidi,DepartmentofEnglish,ArizonaStateUniversity,Tempe,Arizona85287-0302.Telephone:(602)965-2563.Fax:(602)965-3451.Bitnet:atsmb@asuacad.bitnetInterne
6、t:atsmb@asuvm.inre.asu.edu141142LanguageLearningVol.45,No.1Duringthepast20years,thefocusofinputstudiesinsecondlanguage(L2)acquisitionresearchhasshiftedfromdescriptionofthegeneralcharacteristicsofL2inputtothestudyofthespecificcharacteristicsofdifferenttypesofi
7、nput,forexample,interactionandinstruction.However,oneareayettobefullyexploredistherelationbetweentwoparticularfactors:thegrammaticalandinteractionalfeaturesofL2interactionandthepossibleeffectsofthesefeaturesonthedevelopmentofanL2grammar.Theearlydescriptivestu
8、diesconcentratedongeneralcharac-teristicsofinputdirectedtoL2learners,suchasrateofspeech;lengthofpausesandofsentences;amountofrepetition;andlevelsofvocabulary,sentencevariety,andsentencesu
