免疫学课件-抗感染免疫

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1、Anti-InfectionImmunity抗感染免疫OutlineMechanismofspecificimmunityandnon-specificimmunityAntibacterialimmunityAntiviralimmunityNonspecificimmunitySpecificimmunity(Innateimmunity)(Acquiredimmunity)SpecificImmunityInnateImmunitySpecificImmunityInnateImmunity&AcquiredimmunityNon-spe

2、cificimmunitySpecificimmunitynotantigenspecificHeritableImmediateresponseExposuredoesnotresultininductionofmemorycellsAntigenspecificNon-heritableAlagtimebetweenexposureandmaximalresponseExposureresultininductionofmemorycellsNonspecificImmunityBarrierstructureMacrophageSkina

3、ndmucosaBarrier(antibacterialeffectsofnormalflora)BloodBrainBarrierPlacentalBarrierNeutrophilMononuclearphagocytesystemAnti-bacterialsubstanceinserumandbodyfluidComplementsCytokinesLysozymeInterferonNaturalKillerCellSpecificImmunityHumoralImmunityCellImmunityMucosalimmunesys

4、tem(MIS)Mechanismofanti-infectionimmunityUseothermicrobesasguard-dogsthatkillintrudersThesearelistedfirstbecausetheyareontheoutsideofthebody,andthusformthefirstlineofdefense.MicrobesPhagocytosis•phagocytes*neutrophil*mononuclearphagocytesystem•processandmechanism•outcome*com

5、pletephagocytosis*incompletephagocytosis*tissuedamageNeutrophilMonocyteMarcrophages中性粒细胞吞噬脑膜炎奈瑟菌StepOne:ChemotaxiscapillarybloodvesselphagocyteendotheliumbasementmembranePAVEMENTINGDIAPEDESISCHEMOTAXISC5aSiteofinflammation,tissuedamageandimmunereactionsC567C3aStepTwo:Contact

6、StepThree:Phagocytosis/PinocytosisStepFour:Digest&DissolutionOxygenDependentROI&RNIMyeloperoxidase,MPOOxygenIndependentAcidLysosomeandotherenzymesNK细胞自然杀伤细胞，存在于外周血和脾脏中，因含嗜天青颗粒，又称大颗粒淋巴细胞。颗粒内主要含穿孔素和颗粒酶主要通过ADCC作用杀伤靶细胞*releasekillermediatorperforin(穿孔素)→necrosisgranzyme(颗粒酶)→a

7、poptosisTNF→necrosis/apoptosis*mediateADCC•Recognitionandactivation•Killtargetcells(1)non-specific,Abindependent,non-MHCrestriction(2)MechanismofkillingtargetcellTcell分布：粘膜和上皮组织（外周血含量少）CD4-CD8-抗原识别谱：－－位于不同组织中的T细胞表达不同特异性的TCR，具有不同的抗原识别特性；－－同一部位组织的T具有相同的抗原识别特性，仅对同一抗原产生

8、应答多聚C9形成的膜攻击复合物MAC的电镜结果补体诱导的细胞膜穿孔损伤GGGGooooMMMMobobobobGGGGooooMMMMobobobob