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1、AppendixD:GuidelinesforCollaborativeStudyProceduresToValidateCharacteristicsofaMethodofAnalysis{Note:Theseguidelinesincorporatesymbols,terminology,andcharacteristicsofamethod,althoughmanysectionsarealsoappro-recommendationsacceptedbyconsensusbytheparticipantsatthepriateforothertypesofstudie
2、s.IUPACWorkshoponHarmonizationofCollaborativeAnalyticalAlternativesforMethodSelectionStudies,Geneva,Switzerland,May4–5,1987[PureAppl.Chem.60,855–864(1988);publishedas“GuidelinesforCollaborative(1)Sometimesobvious(onlymethodavailable).StudyofProceduretoValidateCharacteristicsofaMethodofAnal-
3、(2)Criticalliteraturereview(reportedwithin-laboratoryattrib-ysis,”J.Assoc.Off.Anal.Chem.72,694–704(1989)].Theoriginalutesareoftenoptimistic).guidelineswererevisedatLisbon,Portugal,August4,1993,andat(3)Surveyoflaboratoriestoobtaincandidatemethods;compari-Delft,TheNetherlands,May9,1994,PureAp
4、pl.Chem.67,sonofwithin-laboratoryattributesofcandidatemethods(sometimes331–343(1995).Theserevised,harmonizedguidelineshavebeenchoicemaystillnotbeobjective).adoptedbyAOACINTERNATIONALastheguidelinesforthe(4)Selectionbyexpert[AOAC-preferredprocedure(selectionAOACOfficialMethodsProgram,J.AOACI
5、nt.78(5),byStudyDirectorwithconcurrenceofGeneralReferee)].143A–160A(1995).Althoughthedirectionsweredevelopedfor(5)SelectionbyCommittee(ISO-preferredprocedure;oftenchemicalstudies,somepartsmaybeapplicabletoalltypesofcollab-time-consuming).orativestudies.}(6)Developmentofnewmethodormodificati
6、onofexistingmethodwhenanappropriatemethodisnotavailable.(Proceedasaresearchproject.)(Thisalternativeistime-consumingandre-SummaryStatementofAOACRecommendationsource-intensive;useonlyasalastresort.)forDesignofaCollaborativeStudyMinimumCriteriaforQuantitativeStudy1.2OptimizeEitherNeworAvailab
7、leMethodMinimumnumberofmaterials(seeNote1onp.4).—Five(onlyPracticalPrincipleswhenasinglelevelspecificationisinvolvedforasinglematrixmaythisminimumbereducedto3).(1)DonotconductcollaborativestudywithanunoptimizedMinimumnumberoflaboratories.—Eightreportingv
