基础医学单词

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1、Basicmedicalsciences基础医学Integratedcourse整合课程anatomy解剖学Histologyandembryology组织学与胚胎学physiology生理学pathophysiology病理生理学pathology病理学pharmacology药理学Anatomicalposition解剖学姿势Sagittalplane矢状面Median(ormidsagittal)plane正中矢状而Coronal(orfrontai)plane冠状面(或额状面)Transverse(orhori

2、zontal)plane横断而(或水平而)Interior(orventral)surface前面(或腹侧面)Posterior(ordorsal)surface后面(或背侧面)Superior(orcranial)end上端(或颅端)Inferior(orcaudal)end下端(或尾端)Medial(ulnarortibial)border内侧(尺侧或胫侧)缘Lateral(radialorfibular)border外侧(橈侧或腓侧)缘Proximal(orupper)end近侧端(或上端)Distal(orlo

3、wer)end远侧端(或卜-端)Internal(orinterior)surface内血External(orexterior)surface外面Superficiallayer浅层Deeplayer深层Simplediffusion单纯扩散Facilitateddiffusion易化扩散Activetransport主动转运Sodiumpump钠一钾泵Stimulation刺激Excitation兴奋Excitability兴奋性Restingpotential静息电位Actionpotential动作电位Thre

4、sholdpotential阈电位Transmembranesignaltransduction跨膜信号传导Receptordiseases受体病Hormoneresistaneesyndrome激素抵抗综合征tissue组织Epithelialtissue上皮组织Connectivetissue结缔组织Muscletissue肌肉组织Nervetissue神经组织Mesothelium间皮endothelium内皮Gobletcell杯状细胞Transitionalepithelium变移上皮microvillus微

5、绒毛cilium纤毛Striatedborder纹状缘Tightjunction紧密连接Intermediatejunction中I'可连接desmosome桥粒Gapjunction缝隙连接Basementmembrane基膜Plasmamembraneinfolding质膜内褶Hemidesmosome半桥粒Connectivetissue结缔组织mesenchymeI'可充质fibroblast成纤维细胞macrophage巨噬细胞Plasmacell浆细胞Mastcell肥大细胞collagenousfiber

6、胶原纤维Elasticfiber弹性纤维Reticularfiber网状纤维Groundsubstanee基质cartilage软骨Osseoustissue骨组织Osteoid类骨质osteoblast成骨细胞osteocyte骨细胞osteoclast破骨细胞osteon骨单位Muscletissue肌肉纽织Skeletalmuscle骨骼肌Cardiacmuscle心肌Smoothmuscle平滑肌nyofibril肌原纤维sarcomere肌节triad三联体Intercalateddisc闰盘Nervoust

7、issue神经组织neuron神经元Neurogliacell神经胶质细胞Nisslbody尼氏体neurofibril神经原纤维dendrite树突axon轴突synapse突触Nervefiber神经纤维Cellcycle细胞周期Cellproliferation细胞增殖Checkpoint细胞周期检查点Cyclins细胞周期蛋白Cyclin-dependentKinase(CDK)细胞周期蛋白依赖性激酶(CDI)CDKCyclin-dependentkinasesinhibitor抑制因子Celldifferen

8、tiation细胞分化Oncogen癌基因Tumorsuppressorgene抑癌基因injury损伤Genemutation基因突变Chromosomalaberration染色体畸变Geneticpredisposition遗传易感性Myelinefigure髓鞘样结构autolysis自溶atrophy萎缩compensa