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1、专题二 说明文专题二│说明文考题导读说明文也是阅读简答题常见的体裁之一。把握说明文的语篇特征对理解文意与答题极为有利。说明文的常见写作顺序有：时间顺序(指先后顺序)，空间顺序(从局部到整体，从上到下，从内到外)，逻辑顺序(前因后果，先果后因，先主后次)，认识顺序(由此及彼，由浅入深，由具体到抽象，由现象到本质)。文章通常层次清晰，整体性强，易读易懂。真题再现[2008·湖南]EveryJanuary,BreckenridgehoststheInternationalSnowSculptureChampionships.Fourteenteamst
2、ravelfromallovertheworldtoSwitzerlandtocompete.Teamssculptforsixtyfivehoursoverfivedays.Eachteamhopesthatwhenthetimeisup,itssculpturewillbejudgedthebest.Asthechampionshipbegins,thefourteenteamsarefacedwithhugeblocksofsnowthatweightwentytonseach.Thesculptorsbringouttheirfavori
3、tetoolsthatworkbestonthehardicedsnow,buttheyarenotallowedtoemploytoolsthatuseelectricity.Mostteamsareinspiredbywhattheyhaveseenindailylife.Forexample,oneteamcarvedateapotwithteapouringout.Anotherteamsculptedalittlecatonitshindfeet(后脚)reachingintoafishbowlcompletewithwaterripp
4、les(涟漪)andacrab(螃蟹)tryingtoattackthecat.In2006,TeamUSAsculptedagoldendoglookingatitsimagereflectedinamirror.Tocreatetheeffectthatthelittledogsawitsreflectionintheglass,theartistscarvedtwodogsfacingeachotherwiththeirpaws(脚爪)touching.Asthefinalhoursofthecompetitiontickby,exhaus
5、tedteammembersaddlastminutedetail.Theyusesmallbroomstobrushoffsnowcaughtintinyholes.Oneteammembercountsdownthelastfiveminuteswhileothersarebusycleaningupthetools.Iftheyleaveanytoolsbehind,theywillbeout.Whenthewhistlebows,everyonemuststepawayfromthesculpture.Thejudgesthenvoteo
6、ncreativity,technicalskills,andvisualimpact(视觉效果)ofthedesigns.In2006,TeamUSAtookfirstplacefortheirgoldendogsculpturetitled“Discovery”.Butthecompetitionisnotjustaboutmedalsandribbons.“It’snotabouttheprize，”saidRobNeyland,TeamUSA’scaptain.“It’sabouttouchingtheaudience.”Everyyea
7、r,asthechampionshipends,eachteamisalreadydreamingofthenextmasterpieceitwilldesign.1．WhatkindoftoolsarethesculptorsNotpermittedtouse?(nomorethan6words)__________________________________________________2．Whatgivesthesculptorsideasfortheircreativework?(nomorethan9words)_________
8、_________________________________________3．WhydidTeamUSAwinthecompet
