句子成分的讲解以及练习

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1、一、主语（subject）:句子说明的人或事物。Thesunrisesintheeast.                   （名词）           Helikesdancing.                                       （代词）Twentyyearsisashorttimeinhistory.             （数词）      Cookingisformoms.                                     （动名词）      Toseeistobelieve.          

2、               （不定式）        ItisnoteasytolearnEnglishwell..（It形式主语，不定式是真正的主语） Whatheneedsisabook.                         （主语从句）二、谓语（predicate）:说明主语的动作、状态和特征。WestudyEnglish.  IlikeEnglish.（及物动词）Hecameyesterday.ShelivesinChina.(不及物动词)Heisasleep.Iam13yearsold.(系表结构作谓语)三、表语（predicative）:

3、系动词之后的成分，表示主语的性质、状态和特征。Heisateacher.                             （名词）    Seventy-four!Youdon’tlookit.              （代词）Fiveandfiveisten.                         （数词）   Heisasleep.                        （形容词）     Hisfatherisin.                            （副词）    Thepictureisonthewall.

4、                （介词短语）    Mywatchisgone/missing/lost.     （形容词化的分词）Towearafloweristosay“I’mpoor,Ican’tbuyaring.”       （不定式）Thequestioniswhethertheywillcome.                      （表语从句）常见的系动词有:be,sound（听起来），look（看起来），feel（摸起来），smell（闻起来），taste（尝、吃起来），remain（保持，仍是）， feel（感觉）….Itsoundsa

5、goodidea.                   Thesoundsoundsstrange.Hervoicesoundssweet.                  Tomlooksthin.    Thefoodsmellsdelicious.                Thefoodtastesgood.     Thedoorremainsopen.                   NowIfeeltired. 四、宾语：1）动作的承受者——动宾（及物动词）      IlikeChina.（名词）    Hehatesyou.（代词）  

6、    Howmanydoyouneed?Weneedtwo.（数词）       Weshouldhelptheoldandthepoor.  Ienjoyworkingwithyou. （动名词）       Ihopetoseeyouagain. （不定式）  Didyouwritedownwhathesaid?（宾语从句）2）介词后的名词、代词和动名词——介宾      Areyouafraidofthesnake?       Underthesnow,therearemanyrocks.3）双宾语——间宾（指人）和直宾（指物）      Hegavem

7、eabookyesterday.      Givethepoormansomemoney.五、宾补：对宾语的补充，全称为宾语补足语。Weelectedhimmonitor.  （名词） Weallthinkitapitythatshedidn’tcomehere.（名）     Wewillmakethemhappy.（形容词）Wefoundnobodyin. (副词)Pleasemakeyourselfathome.(介词短语）Don’tlethimdothat.（省to不定式）     Hisfatheradvisedhimtoteachthelazyboy

8、aless