阅读完形专练(教师)

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1、启东市汇龙中学主备人：周红英审核人：吴惠平Apr.12,2017阅读完形专练一、阅读理解AHowdoesyourskinsmell?Prettywell,asitturnsout,thankstoreceptorsthatcanbefoundalloveryou.What’smore,theycouldhelpyouheal.Therearemorethan350typesofolfactory(嗅觉)receptorsinthenose,noticingdifferentscents.About150arealsofoundinbodyissuessuchasthoseof

2、theheart,liverandgut(胃)，buttheyarehardtostudy.HannsHatt’slabatRuhrUniversityBochuminGermanyfocusedonskin,whichiseasiertostudy,andtastedtheresponsetoscents(pleasantsmells)ofreceptorsinkeratinocytes(角质化细胞)，themainskincelltype.TheyfoundthatanolfactoryreceptorinskincalledOR2AT4respondtoman-made

3、sandalwood(檀香)perfumesandskincareproducts.Ratherthansendingamessagetothebrain,asnosereceptorsdo,thereceptorcausedcellstodivideandmigrate,importantprocessesinrepairingdamagedskin.Cellgrowthincreasedby32percentandcellmigrationbynearlyhalfwhenkeratinocytesinatesttubeweremixedforfivedayswithman

4、-madesandalwood.“Thereisabigtrendtowardsolfactoryreceptorsbeingfoundelsewhereinthebodydoingotherjobs.”SaysJoelMainlandotheMonellChemicalSensesCenterinPhiladelphia.Soitisnotunexpectedtofindreceptorsinskin,butitisasurprisetolearnthattheyareinvolvedinwoundhealing.HattandMainlandbothcautionthat

5、theseolfactoryreceptorsareveryfinelyadjusted,asisshownbytheirdistinguishingbetweenvariousman-madekindsofsandalwood.Andthereisgeneticvariabilityinhumanreceptors,soyourreceptormightbeabitdifferentfromyourneighbor’s.Itleavesopenthequestionofwhetherreceptorsmightdiffersomuchbetweenindividualsth

6、attheman-madesandalwoodthatbenefitsonepersonmightbeuselessorevenpoisonoustoanotherHattsaysthe150-200olfactoryreceptorsidentifiedintissueoutsidethenoserepresentanewfamilyoftargetsforexperimentsandnewopportunitiestotreatdisease.Treatmentsthathealwoundsandrepairtheeffectsofageingintheskinareli

7、kelytobetheeasiesttodevelop,hesays.Understandingreceptorsoninternal(insideyourbody)organsandcreatingbeneficialdrugsislikelytotakelonger.()1.WhatcanwelearnaboutOR2AT4?A.Itisakindofnosekeratinocyte.B.Itworkslikeanosereceptor.C.Itcanhelpdamagedskinrecover.D