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1、WestLakeWestLakeorXīHú(Chinese:西湖;literally"WestLake")isafamousfreshwaterlakelocatedinthehistoricareaofHangzhou,thecapitalofZhejiangprovinceineasternChina.ThelakeisdividedbythecausewaysofSūDī(苏提/蘇堤),BáiDī(白堤),andYánggōngDī(杨公堤/楊公堤).Therearenumeroustemples,pagodas,gardens,andarti
2、ficialislandswithinthelake.WestLakehasinfluencedpoetsandpaintersthroughouttheagesforitsnaturalbeautyandhistoricalrelics,andithasbeenamongthemostimportantsourcesofinspirationforChinesegardendesigners,asevidencedbytheimpactithadonvariousChineseclassicalgardens.[1]ItwasmadeaUNESCOW
3、orldHeritageSitein2011,andwasdescribedashaving"influencedgardendesignintherestofChinaaswellasJapanandKoreaoverthecenturies"[2]andasreflecting"anidealizedfusionbetweenhumansandnature."[2]TherearedozensoflakescalledWestLakeworldwide,but"WestLake"usuallyreferstotheHangzhouWestLake,
4、whichislocatedinthewesternareaofHangzhouCity.Itissurroundedbymountainsonthreesides.TheaveragedepthofWestLakeis3meters,andthecapacityisabout14,290,000cubicmeters.ThelakeisdividedbyGuShan,Bai,SuandYanggongCausewaysintofiveareas.Orderedbytheirareas,theyareOuterWestLake(外西湖),WestInn
5、erLake(西里湖,or后西湖,or后湖),NorthInnerLake(北里湖or里西湖),LittleSouthLake(小南湖or南湖)andYueLake(岳湖)."OuterWestLake"isthelargest."GuShan"orGuHillisthelargestnaturalislandinthelake.Su&BaiCausewaysrunacrossthelake.Threesmallman-madeislands,"XiaoYingZhou"(小瀛洲),"HuXinTing"(湖心亭),and"RuanGongDun"(阮
6、公墩)lieinthecenterofOuterWestLake.Thus,thebasiclayoutis"onehill,twocauseways,threeislands,andfivelakes".WestLakeisnotonlyfamousforitspicturesquelandscape,itisalsoassociatedwithmanyscholars,nationalheroesandrevolutionarymartyrs,thusembracingmanyaspectsofChineseculture.Inaddition,m
7、anyancientbuildings,stonecavesandengravedtabletsinsurroundingareasareamongthemostcherishednationaltreasuresofChina,withsignificantartisticvalue.[edit]HistoryTheearliestnameforWestLakewas"WulinWater"(武林水).IntheBookofHan,the"GeographyColumn"sectionsays,"Qiantang,affiliatedtowestgo
8、vernorgeneral.WulinmountainistheoriginofWulinwa
