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1、无机化学实验(2)((2))Whyshouldthesolutionbestronglyacidicwhenpreparingferrousammoniumsulfate?Answer:Thisisbecauseferroussulfateofammoniaandammoniaionsinferroussulfateandferrousionstohydrolysisinwaterbecauseofthishydrolysismakesthecomponentsofsolutionchanged,sothattheoriginalsolutionwasbad,andammoniumferr
2、oussulfateandammoniainferroussulfateionandferrousion.Theessenceofwaterishydrolysisofammoniaionsandhydroxylionscombinetoformasmallamountofwaterandammoniamolecules,ferrousionsandhydroxylionswithionizedwater,generateasmallferroushydroxideprecipitation.Theconcentrationofthehydrogenionconcentrationinth
3、esolutionisgreaterthanthehydroxylionsoshowedacidic,whilemaintainingthestrongacidisaddedtotheacidsolution,theincreaseoftheconcentrstionofhydrogenions,duetohydrolysisequilibrium,thehydrogenionconcentrationincreases,inhibitedthehydrolysisoftwokindsofcations,therefore,theoriginalsolutioncankeeptheorig
4、inalcomposition,notbad,so,ammoniumferroussulfatesolutionandferroussulfatesolutiontomaintainstrongacidity.Whenthefiltrationisfinished,thepHoftheFeS04solutioniscontrolledbetween1~2,andiftheacidityofthesolutionisreduced,theextentoftheactionofFe2+intheferrousironwithwaterwillbeincreased,andwhentheacid
5、ityislow,Fe2+willbemoreeasilyoxidized・Inthepreparationof(NH4)2S04,FeS04,6H20,thesolutionneedstomaintainenoughacidity・Two.Howisthereactionseriesdeterminedbychemicalreaction?Therateequationforthereactionism+n;theMiscalledtheAnumber(Partial,order,of,A);theniscalledtheBnumberofthereactant(Partial,orde
6、r,of,B);(b)theseriesofreactions・Forprimitivereactions,m=a,n=b,m+n二a+b,anda,Baresimpleintegers・Thelargerthereactionorder,thegreatertheeffectoftheconcentrationonthereactionrate・Three・What，sthelawofthereductionofhydrogenhalides?Howistheexperimentverified?Four.Howtodistinguishbetweenthefollowingsubsta
7、nces?:1.sulfateionandsulfiteionAnswer:addingacidbariumsaltsolution,thereareprecipitation,andthenaddHC1,thereisabubblegeneratedsulfite,andnobubbleissulfate.2.sulfiteionandthiosulfateionAnswer:S2-detection:alkaline
