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1、42医学文摘DATE=7-3-01TITLE=SCIENCEINTHENEWS#2131-DigestBYLINE二StaffVOICEONE:ThisisBobDoughty.VOICETWO:AndthisisSarahLongwithScienceintheNews,aVOASpecialEnglishprogramaboutrecentdevelopmentsinscienee.Today,wetellaboutacampaigntodevelopa(1)vaccinetopreventthedisease(2)meningitisinAfrica・Wetellab

2、out(3)traditionalmedicines.Andwetellabouta(4)genetreatmentforthedisease(5)hemophilia・((THEME))VOICEONE:Foryears,scientistsbelieveditwaspossibletodevelopavaccinetopreventthedeadlydiseasemeningitisinAfrica・However,itcostsagreatdealofmoneyfor(6)drugcompaniestoresearchandtestsuchavaccine.Recen

3、tlytheBillandMelindaGates(7)Foundationgaveseventy-milliondollarsforaprojecttodevelopavaccinetoendmeningitisinsouthernAfrica・The(8)WorldHealthOrganizationandahealthtechnologycompanyin(9)Seattle,Washington,willworkwithdrugcompaniesontheten-yearproject.Scientistshopetodevelop,testandprovideav

4、accinetocountriesinsouthernAfrica.VOICETWO:Thedevelopmentofvaccinesusuallyisinflueneedbymarket(10)competitiori・Suchresearchis(11)profitablewhendemandforthevaccinesisgreatandrichcountriesarewillingtopayforthedrugs.Inverypoorcountries,however,themarketformedicinesisverysmall.Poorcountriesdon

5、othaveenoughmoneytopayfor(12)costlyvaccines・Asaresult,mostdrugcompaniesdonotusuallyinvestinthiskindofresearchbecauseitisnotprofitable・VOICEONE:Meningitisisan(13)infectionofthebraincausedbya(14)bacterium.Thediseaseismostcommonamongyoungpeople・Babiesaremostatrisk.Peoplewiththediseaseoftendie

6、withindays.Signsofmeningitisincludehighfeverandthe(15)expulsionoffoodthroughthemouth.Thediseasecanbetreatedwith(16)antibioticdrugs.Butevenwhentreated,atleasttenpercentofthe(17)victimsdie.Anothertenpercentsuffer(18)nervedamage.Ortheylosetheuseoftheirarmsorlegs・Asmanyasfiftypercentofallcases

7、resultindeathifmeningitisisnottreatedatall.VOICETWO:Morethanseven・hundrecbthousandcasesofmeningitiswerereportedinAfricabetweenNineteen・Eighty・EightandNineteen-Ninety-Seven.Morethanone-hundred-thousanddeathswerereportedintheareahardesthitbythedisease.Thisarea(1