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1、语法重点总结独立主格虚拟语气非谓语动词主谓一致倒装2002-12-141独立主格特征1.充当句子的状语。2.有自己的主语，同句子的主语不一致。3.名词（代词，形容词，副词，介词）+分词4.With+名词（代词）+分词(形容词）例：a)Itbeingraining,Idecidedtostayathome.b)Speechhavingbeendelivered,discussionstarted.c)heenteredtheroom,withhishandsopen（holdingarifle).2002-12-142真题剖析(1995)45cliffsnolongercrum
2、bling,thebeachesare46ofthematerialwhichwould47feedthem.45.A.ForB.AsC.WithD.Because2002-12-143虚拟语气（1）从句主句与现在事实相反Were;动词过去式Should/would/could+动词原形与过去事实相反Had+doneWould/should/could+have+done与将来事实相反Wereto+动词原形Should+动词原形Should/would/could+动词原形2002-12-144虚拟语气（2）1.（should）+动词原形It+be动词+形容词(-able)(
3、essential,odd,vital,absurd,regrettable,desirable…)+that从句It+be动词+名词(pity,shame…)+that从句It+be动词+过去分词(ordered,begged,voted,moved…)+that从句部分名词/动词(表示建议，劝告，决定等)+that从句2.It’s(high,about)timethat+动词过去式wouldrather+动词过去式2002-12-145真题剖析(1997)…Iwouldn’tbetruthfulifI47saythatteachingishardwork.…47.A.do
4、B.didC.don’tD.didn’t(1993)…TheCaironewspapersthenextdaycarriedbannerheadlinesaboutthestudentdemonstration52,andthey53thattheprofessorbesenthome.53.A.orderedB.pleadedC.decidedD.demanded2002-12-146非谓语动词动名词、分词、不定式。主动或被动。(doing/done,todo/tobedone)发生在谓语动词之前还是之后。(doing/havingdone/havingbeendone,t
5、odo/tohavedone/tohavebeen)To在什么情况下作介词，什么情况下作不定式引导词。2002-12-147真题剖析(2000)…IntheinnercitiesofAmerica,newspapersregularlyreportonnewbornbabies60intogarbagebinsbydrug-addictedmothers.60.A.droppedB.todropC.droppingD.drops2002-12-148主谓一致(1)1.整体及抽象概念作主语，谓语通常用单数形式。Howyougottheredoesn’tconcernme.Gro
6、wingvegetablesneedsconstantwatering.2.表示时间、距离、重量、容量、价值等概念作主语，谓语多用单数。Eighthundreddollarsisenoughtoliveon.3.以-s结尾的专有名词（linguistics,economics,measles,diabetes等），谓语通常用单数形式。4.“分数或百分数+主语”，谓语跟主语保持一致。Twothirdsofthevillagesareflooded(theareaisunderwater).2002-12-149主谓一致(2)5.不定代词(one,each,everyone,ev
7、erybody,everything,noone,nobody,nothing,anyone,anybody,anything,someone,somebody,something等)作主语，谓语用单数。Everyoneknowsthatyou’vecomehere.Ifanybodywantstoseeme,letthemwaittillIcomeback.(--thing的情况例外)6.谓语同并列主语的第一部分保持一致（aswellas,with,alongwith,togetherwith,asm
