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1、GrammarandUsageDirectspeechandreportedspeechUnit1M4直接引语和间接引语直接引用别人的话叫直接引语，用自己的话转述别人的话叫间接引语。间接引语在多数情况下构成宾语从句；直接引语前后加引号，间接引语不必加。直接引语：Shesaid,“Mybrother’snameisTom.”Heaskedme,“Wheredoyoulive?”间接引语：Shesaidthatherbrother’snamewasTom.HeaskedmewhereIlived.直接引语和间接引语的转换在直
2、接引语向间接引语转换的过程中，不仅要进行句式上的转换，而且常常要在时间、地点、人称等方面做相应的转换。1、如何变人称： 口诀：一随主,二随宾，第三人称不更新1.She said. "My brother wants to goshopping with me. ”→She said_____brotherwanted to goshopping with___2.Shesaidtome,“Youplaybasketballbetterthanme.”→Shetoldmethat___playedbasketballbet
3、terthan____.3.Hesaid,“She willcometohavealongholidaywithus.”→Hesaid that_____wouldcometohavealongholidaywith_____.herherIhershethem2.若主句谓语动词是一般过去时，直接引语变成间接引语时要调整时态。如下表：直接引语间接引语直接引语间接引语现在时过去时现在进行时过去进行时现在完成时过去完成时过去时过去完成时过去完成时不变将来时过去将来时将来进行时过去将来进行时将来完成时过去将来完成时Hesaid
4、,“I’mapoliceman.”Hesaidthathewasapoliceman.2.Hesaid,“I’mplayingfootballnow.”Hesaidthathewasplayingfootballthen.3.Hesaid,“Ihavedonemyhomework.”Hesaidthathehaddonehishomework.4.Hesaid,“Isawafilmyesterday.”Hesaidthathehadseenafilmthedaybefore.5.Hesaid,“Ihadlearned3,
5、000Englishwordsbytheendoflastterm.Hesaidthathehadlearned3,000Englishwordsbytheendofthetermbefore.注意：以下几种情况时态不变①直接引语是客观真理。The teachersaid"The earth moves around the sun .”→The teacher said that the earth moves aroundthe sun earth.③直接引语中有具体的过去某年、某月、某日作状语，变为间接引语时，时态
6、不变。如：Jack said. "I was born on April 2l, 1980."②直接引语是过去进行时，时态不变。Jack said. “IwasdoingcookingwhenTomcametoseeme”Jack saidhewasdoingcokingwhenTomcametoseehim.→Jacksaid he was born on April 21, 1980.3.指示代词、时间状语和动词也要做调整。如下表：直接引语间接引语指示代词thisthesethatthose时间状语nowtodayt
7、onightthenthatdaythatnightthisweeklastweekyesterdayfivedaysagotomorrownextweekthatweektheweekbeforethedaybeforefivedaysbeforethenextdaythenextweek地点状语herethere动词comegoEx:Page9(1)was(2)wouldbe(3)hadread(4)that(5)would(6)hadbought(7)that(8)would(9)those(10)her4.若直接
8、引语为一般疑问句，改为间接引语时要用陈述句语序，而且要加连词if或whether。如：Sheaskedhermother,“CanIgoshoppingwithyou?”Sheaskedhermotherif/whethershecouldgoshoppingwithher.Heaskedme,“Willyouhav
