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1、高考英语专项指导情态动词1情态动词的运用是高考英语单项选择几乎每年必考的要点。根据近几年对全国部分高考题的分析,主要归纳为以下几个考查热点:1.情态动词表示推测;2.情态动词+havedone结构;3.一些词的特殊用法2一.情态动词表示推测的用法情态动词可用来表示推测,语气从强到弱的顺序是:1.must所表示的可能性最大,最有把握,用于肯定句中,意为“一定”。2.can主要用于否定句和疑问句中must,should,can,may,could,might。3Shemaynotbeathome.Shecan’tbeathome.Theysho
2、uldbethererightnow.情态动词+do表示对现在或将来的情况的推测情态动词+bedoing。表示对正在进行的情况的推测At this moment, our teachermust becorrectingour exam papers.4The road is wet.Itmusthaverainedlastnight.There is nobody here. Theymust haveall gonehome.must/may/might+havedone表示对过去情况推测(肯定,可能,也许已经…)5二.情态动词+hav
3、edone表示对过去所发生事情的推测或带有某种语气.1.Ididn’thearthephone.Imusthavebeenasleep.62.*—Therewerealreadyfivepeopleinthecar,buttheymanagedtotakemeaswell.—Itcouldn’thavebeenacomfortablejourney.73.●Hemaynothavefinishedtheexercises,I’mafraid.4.Youcouldhavedonebetter,butyoudidn’ttryyourbest.8
4、5.●Whenwegottothecinema,thefilmhadn’tstarted,soweneedn’thaveworried.●—Marydidn’tturnuplastnight,didshe?—No,shedidn’tneedtocome.Wehadchangedourplan.needn’thavedone(过去)本来不必做…(没有必要做而实际上也没做).96.Sheshouldn’thavetakenawaymytape,forIwantedtouseit.should/oughttohavedone(过去)本应该做(而实
5、际上未做),用于否定句时则表示过去不该做的事反而做了(带有后悔、埋怨或责备的语气)。10Thechildrenmusthavewateredthetomatoesyesterday,_______they﹖TheministermusthavearrivedinShanghai,_______hehe﹖didn’thasn’tYoucan’tbeserious,_____you?are拓展11注意:can't---不可能mustn't--禁止,不允许mustn'thavedone--(不存在)12Shall1.在疑问句中,用于第1、3人称,
6、表示征求对方意见.例如:Shallthedriverwaitoutside?ShallItakesomechalksforyou?2.在肯定句中,用于第2、3人称,表示警告、允诺、命令或威胁.例如:其它情态动词的特殊用法13Youshallanswerforitifyougoonbehavinglikethat.Ifyouworkwell,youshallhavearise.HeshallbepunishedNobodyshallthrowawayrubbisheverywhere.14*ChurchillwarnedHitler“Ifyo
7、udaretoinvadeBritain,youshallpayforitwithgreatloss.*(04湖南)—Excuseme,butIwanttouseyourcomputertotypeareport.—Youshan’thavemycomputerifyoudon’ttakecareofit.153.用在法律、条约、规定时。*(02上海)Ithasbeenannouncedthatcandidatesshallremainintheirseatsuntilallthepapershavebeencollected.*(04重庆
8、)“Theinterestshallbedividedintofiveparts,accordingtotheagreementmadebybothsides”declaredt