中考英语专题复习之语法1.docx

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1、中考英语专题复习之语法一、五种基本句型和十大词类(一)五种基本句型1、主语+不及物动词+（不接成分、adv.、prep.短语、todo、ing分词、n.）例子：Thespringwindisblowing./Heshouldlistenattentivelyinclass./Thesunrisesintheeast./Shewillgotoschoolseehersisterthisweek./Weoftengoswimminginsummer.2、主语+系动词+表语（n.pron.adj.adv.动名词、ed分词perp.短语、todo、

2、that从句、wh-从句、howtodo）例子：Shebecausealawyerlastyear./Heisoneofthefinestsingers./Theboyisveryhonest./Imustbeoffnow./Hishobbyiscollectingstamps./Themountainiscoveredwithsnow./Theoldmanisinagoodhealth./Hishopeistogotocollege./Theproblemisthathecan’tcome./Thequestioniswhathecand

3、o./TheproblemishowtolearnEnglish.3、主语+及物动词+宾语（n.pron.oneself.动名词、、todo、that从句、wh-从句）例子：WehavelearnedEnglishfor3years./Heoftenhelpusinneed./Helpyourselftosomesweet/Hepromisednottoletoutthesecret./Idon’tknowhowtousethecomputer./Iwonderwhetherhecancomeornot./Ifoundthatthiswas

4、notalighttask./Heenjoysplayinggames.4、主语+及物动词+宾语+宾补（n.adj.adv.动名词、ed分词perp.短语、todo、do）例子：Ifoundherafamouswriter./Allofusbelievehimhonest./Youcanfindthelightstillon./Don’tkeepyourmotherwaiting./Hefoundhispocketpicked./Ithinkitimportanttodo./Doyouexpecthimtocome./Wesoongotth

5、efireundercontrol.5、主语+及物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语=主语+及物动词+直接宾语+to+间接宾语简称为接双宾的结构常用的接双宾的词用(to)givelendofferpostsellsendshowtaketeachtellwritethrowpass例子：Hegavemesomemoneytheotherday=Hegavemesomemoneytometheotherday.Hetoldmeafunnystory=Hetoldafunnystorytome.Pleasepassmesomewater.=Pleasep

6、asssomewatertome.常用的接双宾的词用(for)buychoosedokeepsavecookbuildsing例子：Ibuymymotheracellphone.=Ibuyacellphoneformymother.Pleasechoosemeanewtie.=Pleasechooseanewtieforme.Savemesomefood.=savesomefoodforme.（二）十大词类名词（一）名称的分类1、专有名词（AsiaLondonChinaSundayTheGreatWall、BillGates等）2、普通名词

7、（1）可数名词表示个体名词：teacherpandacomputerdoctor等表示集体名词：familyclassteampeoplecattlearmy等（2）不可数名词：物质名词表示无法分的物质和材料airwatermilkbreadicefirerainwoodwindmeatcottonfoodricesnowsteelglasssugaroxygenwheatgraincoffee等抽象名词表示性质、状态、行为、情感、心理等musicyouthpowerhealthdangerworkdeathloveweatherhisto

8、rycouragehonestywealthfriendshipadviceknowledgeequipmentprogressnewsinformationpleasurefr