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1、Sentenceelements&patterns英语的词性实词名词n.、代词pron.、数词num.、形容词adj.、副词adv.、动词v.虚词冠词art.、介词prep.、连词conj.、叹词inter.英语的句子成分主要成分主语、谓语次要成分宾语、定语、表语、状语、宾补、同位语句子结构分类简单句SimpleSentences含有一个主语（或并列主语）和一个谓语（或并列谓语）的句子并列句CompoundSentences包含两个或两个以上主谓结构的句子且句子之间有并列连词and/but等或用分号连接复合句Comple
2、xSentences包含一个主句和一个从句或一个主句和多个从句的句子，且从句用从属连词引导Type2.S+ViType3.S+Vt+OType4.S+Vt+O1+O2Type1.S+linkV+PType5.S+Vt+O+OC1.主语+系动词+表语（S+Link.V+P），说明主语的特征、类属、状态、身份。Youarestudents.Weareintheclassroom.Wearegoodfriends,aren’twe?其它系动词状态：seem,appear,prove---感官：smell,feel,taste,
3、sound,look---变化：become,get,turn,go,come,grow---持续：remain,stay,keep,continue---ΛΛbeautifulsurprisedtoareseemswentCorrectmistakes:1.Hervoicesoundsbeautifully.2.Thewholecompanywassurprisingatthenews.3.Toseeisbelieve.4.Itseemagoodidea.5.Thelightsstillon.6.Allthepotat
4、oeschangedbad.7.Jimwasremainedaworker.2.主语+不及物动词(S+Vi.)Ourschoolliesinthecenterofourcity.注：不及物动词不能用于被动语态。Thecaraccidentwashappenedyesterday.Youwillgraduatefromitnextyear.3.主语+及物动词+宾语（S+Vt+O）Ilikemyjobverymuch.Eachofyouhasadream.注：及物动词可用于被动语态Agreatdealofwaterisuse
5、dbypeopleinthatcity.Peopleuseagreatdealofwaterinthatcity.（主动语态）（被动语态）4.S+Vt+O1(sb)+O2(sth) O2(sth)+to/for+O1(sb)此Vt后必须跟两个宾语才能表达完整的意思。用to表动作的方向，“朝着，对着”用for表动作的受益者，“为了，替”常跟双宾语的Vt有：（to）bring,give,lend,offer,promise,send,show,teach,tell,ask…(for)buy,call,find,get,mak
6、e,order…eg.Sheboughtmeabeatifulskirt.→Sheboughtabeatifulskirtforme.5.S+Vt+O+O.C此结构中Vt后必须跟一个宾语和一个宾语补足语才能表达完整的意思。feel,make,find,think(认为),consider(认为)…eg.Wewillmakeourschoolmorebeatiful.1.Themachinedoesn’twork.2.Heisanhoneststudent.3.Thesilkfeelssoft.4.Ihavealotoff
7、riendshere.5.Tomlentme200dollars.6.Isawhimwritingaletter.7.Ifindmathsdifficult.8.WecallherLily.9.FatheraskedmetoturnofftheTV.主谓宾定状表宾补主系表主系主谓主主主主主谓谓谓谓谓宾宾宾宾补宾补宾补宾宾宾句子成分常用词性主语谓语宾语定语状语表语宾补n/pron.n./pron.Adj.Adv.n./adj.n./adj./todo/doingV
