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1、Epidemiol.Infect.(1990),105.435^146435PrintedinGreatBritainThetimecourseoftheimmuneresponsetoexperimentalcoronavirusinfectionofman1211K.A.CALLOW*,H.F.PARRY,M.SERGEANTANDD.A.J.TYRRELL1MRCCommonColdUnit,HarvardHospital,CoombeRoad,Salisbury,WiltshireSP28BW,UK2DepartmentofPathology,Salisb
2、uryInfirmary,Salisbury,Wiltshire,UK(Accepted10May1990)SUMMARYAfterpreliminarytrials,thedetailedchangesintheconcentrationofspecificcirculatingandlocalantibodieswerefollowedin15volunteersinoculatedwithcoronavirus229E.Tenofthem,whohadsignificantlylowerconcentrationsofpre-existingantibody
3、thantherest,becameinfectedandeightofthesedevelopedcolds.Alimitedinvestigationofcirculatinglymphocytepopulationsshowedsomelymphocytopeniaininfectedvolunteers.Inthisgroup,antibodyconcentrationsstartedtoincrease1weekafterinoculationandreachedamaximumabout1weeklater.Thereafterantibodytitr
4、esslowlydeclined.Althoughconcentrationswerestillslightlyraised1yearlater,thisdidnotalwayspreventreinfectionwhenvolunteerswerethenchallengedwiththehomologousvirus.However,theperiodofvirussheddingwasshorterthanbeforeandnonedevelopedacold.Alloftheuninfectedgroupwereinfectedonre-challenge
5、althoughtheyalsoappearedtoshowsomeresistancetodiseaseandintheextentofinfection.Theseresultsarediscussedwithreferencetonaturalinfectionswithcoronavirusandwithotherinfections,suchasrhinovirusinfections.INTRODUCTIONRelativelylittleworkhasbeendonerecentlyontheimmuneresponsetorespiratoryvi
6、rusinfection.Earlystudiesontheimmediateresponsetorhinovirus,coxsackievirus,influenzaandparainfluenzainfectionsgavesomeindicationofwhenlocalandcirculatingantibodiesfirstappearandwhenthemaximumtitreoccurs[1-5].ThechangeintheconcentrationoftotalIgAandproteininnasalsecretionsafterinfectio
7、nwasalsofollowed[2,3,6,7].Whilesomestudieshaveshownthattheconcentrationoflocalspecificantibodydeclinesrelativelyquicklyafterinfection[3,8]inothersithasbeenshowntobemorelong-lasting[9].Serumantibodyisusuallymorepersistent,possiblylastingforlife[8,10].MorerecentlyBarclayandcolleagues[11
8、]have
