高二第六堂课资料定语从句.doc

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1、定语从句英语中的关系代词有who，whom，whose，which，that和as。它们的用法如下。(一)who，whom的用法who和whom指人，在从句中分别作主语、宾语作动词宾语时常被省掉。TheforeignerwhovisitedourclassyesterdayisfromCanada.Theboy(whom)wesawyesterdaywasJohn'sbrother.(二)which的用法which指物，在从句中作主语或宾语，作宾语时在非正式语体中可以省略。如:Theyneede

2、daplantWhichdn'tneedasmuchwaterasrice.Itisusedtorecordthetickets(which)passengersbuy.(三)whose的用法whose指人或物，在从句中作定语，指物时常可用ofwhich取代。如:That'sthemanwhosehousewasburneddown.Thebuildingwhoseroofwecanseefromhereisahotel.(四)that的用法that多指物，有时也指人，在从句中作主语或宾语。作宾

3、语时，在非正式语体中常省略。如:Cornisausefulplantthatcanbeeatenbybothpeopleandanimals.Thecar(that)myunclehadjustboughtwasdestroyedintheearthquake.(五)as的用法as引导限制性定语从句通常构成such...as或thesame...as固定搭配，as在从句中可作主语、表语或宾语。IshouldliketousethesametoolasyouusedyesterdayManyoft

4、hesportswerethesameastheyarenow.Which和that的不同点①以下情况常用that，一般不用which。(1)当先行词是不定代词或被它们修饰时。例如:IsthereanythingthatIcandoforyou?(2)当先行词被形容词最高级或序数词修饰时。例如:Thiswasoneofthemostinterestingbooksthatweresoldinthisbookstore.(3)当先行词有thevery，theonly，thesame等修饰时。例如:

5、That’stheonlythingthatwecandonow.(4)当先行词是一个既指人又指物的并列词组时。例如:Theyweretalkingaboutthepersonsandthingsthattheysawinthefactory.(5)当关系代词在定语从句中作表语时。例如:Chinaisnotthecountrythatitwas.(6)当要避免与疑问词which重复时。例如:WhichisthecarthatwasmadeinBeijing?(7)当先行词为theway,thet

6、ime,theperiod等时，关系代词常用that，但通常被省略。如:Idon'tliketheway(that)youspeaktoher.我不喜欢你对她说话的方式。②以下情况用which，不用that。(1)引导非限制性定语从句。例如:Football,whichisaninterestinggame,isplayedallovertheworld.全世界都踢足球，它是一项有趣的运动。(2)直接放在介词后作宾语时。例如:Languageisthemostimportanttoolwitho

7、utwhichpeoplecan'tcommunicatewitheachother.语言是最重要的工具，没有它，人们便无法交流。二、关系副词的选用英语中的关系副词有where，when，why等。(一)where的用法Potatocanbegrowninplaceswhereitistotoocoldtogrowrice.(二)when的用法ThiswasatimewhentherewerestillslavesintheUSA(三)why的用法That'sthereasonwhyshespo

8、ke.先行词为表示时间、地点的名词时，关系词不一定都用when或where。Thisisthefactorythat/whichwevisitedlastyear.Iwon'tforgetthetimethatwespentinthecountryside.练习将以下简单句转换成定语从句１．Isawtheman.Heclosedthedoor2．　ThegirlishappyShewontherace3．　ThestudentsarefromChinaTheysitinthefrontr