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1、小学阶段语法要点一、可数名词与不可数名词1、可数名词：A、定冠词与不定冠词的用法：A1、不定冠词---a(n)（泛指单一、每一、任一）agirl,anactivegirl单词第一个音是发元音，表示“一”时，用“an”表示：anappleanelephantanideaanoldmananumbrella注意“U”在单词中的发音：universityauniversityuncleanuncleumbrellaanumbrellaA2、the（特指这/那……/这些/那些……）theboythedogsthelake用a/an或the填空：1.Who’
2、s____boy?2._____youngladyisourprincipal.3.Pleasepassme______plate.4.Iliveon____fifthfloor.5.Maryis_____activegirl.6.Don’treadin_____sun.7.Doyoulike____pianobythetable?B、可数名词的复数形式的规律：B1、一般情况下，直接加-s，如：cat-cats,bed-bedsB2、以s.x.sh.ch结尾，加-es，如：brush-brushes,watch-watchesB3、以“辅音字母+y
3、”结尾，变y为i,再加-es，如：family-families,strawberry-strawberries也就是说元音字母+y结尾,直接加s：boy-boystoy-toysB4、以“f或fe”结尾，变f或fe为v,再加-es，如：knife-kniveswife-wivesleaf-leavesB5、不规则名词复数：man-men,woman-women,policeman-policemen,policewoman-policewomen,mouse-mice，child-childrenfoot-feet,tooth-teethgoos
4、e-geesefish-fish,people-people,sheep--sheepdeer-deerThere________manysheeponthefarm.（并不是说sheep没有数量，它是单复数同形）B6、人称代词的单复数对比:人称类别第一人称第二人称第三人称人称代词主格单数Iyouhesheit复数weyouthey人称代词宾格单数meyouhimherit复数usyouthem形容词性物主代词单数myyourhisherits复数ouryourtheir名词性物主代词单数mineyourshishersits复数oursyours
5、theirsB7、指示代词：this-thesethat-those写出下列单词的单数或复数形式：me-mine—ours-him-they-her-this-those-it-写出单数句或复数句：1.Herteacherisoverthere.2.Theyhavesomeinterestingstorybook.3.Thatbookismine.C、名词的所有格：C1、对比：ZhangPeng’sbikeZhangPengandMike’sbikeZhangPeng’sandMike’sbikestheteacher’sbiketheteache
6、rs’bikesC2、用“of”表达的所有关系apictureofmyroomthenameoftheschoolafriendofmine2、不可数名词A、不可数名词：waterjuicemilkcoffeecokesnowrainicericehoneymeatbeefmottonporktofueggplantchickenfishbreadnewshomeworkhouseworkmoneyhairB、不可数名词没有数的概念请对比:somecoffeesomeknivesmuchwatermanydictionariesabagofrice
7、abagoforangestwoglassesofmilktwoboxesofcrayonsHowmuchmoney…?Howmanystudents…?改写句子：Thereisalittlewaterinthebottle.Thereisalittlewaterinthebottle.Therearefortystudentsinourclass.3、some/any,alittle/afew,little/few,much/many/alotof/lotsof用法上的区别：A、some/any表示“一些”，后面可跟可数或不可数：somemilk
8、,someapplesanymilk,anyapplessome（用于肯定句及客气请求问句）any（用于否定句及问句）用s
