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1、LungcancerMainpointerClinicalmanifestationDiagnosisprocedureDifferentialdiagnosisMalignanttumorsarecancer.Theycaninvadeanddamagenearbyhealthytissuesandorgans.Cancercellscanalsobreakawayfromthetumorandenterthebloodstreamorthelymphaticsystem.Thatishowcancer
2、spreadsandformstumorsinotherpartsofthebody.Thespreadofcanceriscalledmetastasis.Definition:Bronchogeniccarcinomaisamalignantneoplasmofthelungarisingfromtheepitheliumofthebronchus.LungCancerFacts&FiguresLungcancerisespeciallycommonamongmeninNorthAmerica,Eur
3、ope,andOceania.Atthemoment,lungcancerratesarehigherthaneverbeforeamongthepeopleofcentralandEasternEurope.InJapan,lungcancerhasincreasedtenfoldinmenandeightfoldinwomensince1950.Inaddition,Chinesewomen,manyofwhomarenonsmokers,haveveryhighlungcancerrates.Thi
4、sphenomenonhasbeenassociatedwithexposuretocookingoilvaporsandotherformsofairpollutionintheindoorenvironmentsofChina.Thetracheasplitsintorightandleftmainstembronchi.Themainstembronchiarethemajorairpassagesfromthetracheatothelungsandaresimilartothetracheain
5、tissuecomposition.Themainstembronchientereachlungandprogressivelybranchoffintopairedsubdivisionsthroughouttheentireorgan(the'tracheobronchialtree').CausesItisestimatedthattobaccosmokingcauses80%oflungcancerdeathsinmenand75%oflungcancerdeathsinwomen.Themor
6、ecigarettesthataresmokedeachdayandtheyoungertheageatwhichsmokingbegan,thegreatertheriskoflungcancer."Competingriskfactors"suchassecondhandsmoke,asbestos,radon,occupationalexposures,age,race,sex,andheredityalsomayplayaroleinlungcancerdevelopment(seeLungCan
7、cerRiskFactors).Additionally,therearesomestudiessuggestingthatlungcancermaybepreventedbydietarymicronutrientssuchascarotenoids,vitaminC,vitaminE,andselenium.EnvironmentalRiskFactorsAlcoholDietandBodyMassNon-modifiableRiskFactorsAgeRaceSexTypessquamousce
8、llcarcinoma,squamousepitheliumofthelungsorbronchiadenocarcinoma,canceroftheglandulartissuelargecellcarcinoma,cancercomposedoflarge-sizedcellsbroncho-alveolarcarcinomaNon-SmallCellLungCarcinoma(NSCLC)Non-smallcelllun
