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1、情态动词总结 I情态动词的特征：1.本身有词义。2.不能独立作谓语。2.后接动词原形一起构成谓语。3.不随人称和数的变化。II情态动词各自的基本意义及用法：1.can与could用法对比点cancould1、表“能力”Canyouliftthisheavybox?Icouldn’tunderstandwhathesaidatall.2、表“许可”Youcanuseadifferentmaterialinstead.HesaidIcouldborrowhisbike.3、“怀疑”No,no,itca
2、n’tbetrue.Whatonearthcanthismean?Wethoughtthestorycouldnotbetrue.Howcouldyoubesocareless?4、can与beableto区别1.could代替can，表示语气更为婉转。Eg.CouldIuseyourbike?Yes,Ican2.can(能够)=beableto(仅表能力时)，但beableto表示一番努力后，才能做得到，且有更多的时态。2.may与might用法对比点maymight1．表“询问”MayI…?(
3、=CanI…?)MightI…?(=CouldI…?)(但比用may更客气)2.表“允许”Youmaytaketheboythere.Hetoldmehemightcome.(might与told相呼应)3．表“可能”“或许”Shemaynorlikethisplace.I’mafraidhemightnotlikethisplay.注：1.MayI…?的答语。2.may可表示期望或祝愿Mayyousucceed!3.may(might)用于目的状语从句。肯定：Yes,youmay.否定：No,y
4、oumustn’t不行（语气强硬）No,youmaynot或No,you’dbetternot.Theemperorgavethemsomegoldinorderthattheymightbegintheirworkatonce.3.must与haveto用法对比点musthaveto1.表“必须”（主观看法）必须；没有过去式，可用于间接引语中。HetoldmeImustdoaccordingtowhathesaid.（客观需要）不得不，有多种时态。It’srainingheavily,wecan
5、’tgonow.2.疑问句MustI…?Yes,youmust.（一定）Doyouhavetogotoday?No,youneedn’t./youdon’thaveto.(不必)Yes,wedo.Youdon’thavetoworryaboutthat.4.need与dare用法对比点needdare1.情态v.+动词原形1）否定式2）疑问式Heneednot(needn’t)go.---Needwedoitagain?---No,youneedn’tdoitagain.Hedarenotsays
6、o.Dareshegooutaloneatnight?HowdareyousayI’munfair?Ifhedaredothat,he’llbepunished.Idaresay.(固定用法)2.实义v.+todo1）肯定式2）否定式3）疑问式Heneedstogo.Hedoesn’t(doesnot)needtogo.Doesheneedtodoitagain?No,hedoesn’tneedotdoitagain.Hedarestosay.Hedoesnot(doesn’t)daretosay
7、.Ifyoudaretojumpintothewaterfromhere,sodareI.3.didnotneedtodo表示过去没必要做Shedidn’tneedtoattendthemeetingyesterday,andshestayedwithherchildren.(她没有参加)5.should与oughtto用法对比点shouldoughtto1、表“应该”表劝告、建议Youshouldlistentothedoctor’sadvice.WeshouldlearnfromZhangHu
8、a.“有责任有必要”做某事Yououghttofinishyourworkbeforeyougohome.Weoughttohelpeachother.2、表“估计”Theyshouldgethomebynow.“非常可能”的事，可译为“总应该”Ifwestarttoworkrightnow,weoughttofinishitbeforelunch.注：1）should还可在虚拟语气中的使用2)注意：oughtto的疑问式及否定式---Oughthetogo?---Yes,Ithi
