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1、ArchVirol(1988)103:27-33VirologyArchives©bySpringer-Verlag1988AnalysisofcellfusioninducedbybovinecoronavirusinfectionH.R.PayneandJ.StorzDepartmentofVeterinaryMicrobiologyandParasitology,LouisianaStateUniversity,BatonRouge,Louisiana,U.S.A.AcceptedAugust12,1988Summ
2、ary.Polykaryonformationinbovinefetalspleen(BFS)cellsinfectedwithbovinecoronavirusL9occurredonlyinmediasupplementedwithtrypsin.Asingle1to2htrypsintreatment10handlaterafterinfectioninducedformationofpolykaryons.TrypsintreatmentatpH7.5and8.0inducedpolykaryonswhiletr
3、eatmentsatlowerorhigherpHlevelsdidnot.Cellfusionactivitywaspartiallysuppressedbythepresenceofantibody.IntroductionInfectionofanimalcellsbyenvelopedvirusesinvolvesfusionbetweentheviralenvelopeandacellmembrane.Thefusogenicpotentialofviruseswasstudiedinvitrowithsyst
4、emsusingerythrocytes,culturedcells,andliposomesastargetmembranes[5,7,16,18,19].MembranefusionisinducedbyparamyxovirusesatneutralpH,whichimpliesthatthesevirusesenterthehostcellbyfusionoftheviralenvelopwiththeplasmamembraneatthecellsurface[1,2].Incontrast,cellfusio
5、nactivitiesofSemlikiForestvirus,influenzavirus,andvesicularstomatitisvirusstrictlydependonacidicpHlevels[3,4,17,18-1.LowpHisusedexperimentallytosimulateconditionsexistingwithintheacidicintracellularvesicleswherepenetrationbythesevirusesisthoughttooccur.Cellfusion
6、andpolykaryonformationinculturesinfectedwithbovineco-ronavirus(BCV)occurlateinthevirusreplicationcycle.Insometypesofhostcells,polykaryocytosisisdependentonthepresenceoftrypsinduringthecourseofBCVreplication[14].Themembraneeventsofvirus-inducedcellfusionandvirus-c
7、ellfusionduringentryappeartobebasedonthesameprinciple[8].ThemodeofBCVpenetrationofthehostcellhasnotbeenclearlydefined.Weanalyzedthetrypsin-dependentcellfusionofBCV-infectedBFScellsandfoundthattherangeofpH7.5to8.0wasoptimalforpolykaryonformation.28H.R.PayneandJ.St
8、orzMaterialsandmethodsVirusandcellsStockpreparationsoftheMebusstrainL9ofBCV[12]werepropagatedinthehumanrectaltumorcelllineHRT-18[9].Virusstocksweregeneratedfro
