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1、HumanLanguageResourcesandLinguisticTypologyPapersfromtheFourthInternationalConferenceonSinologyTaipei:AcademiaSinica,2013ArgumentsforaConstruction-basedApproachtotheAnalysisofChineseRandyJ.LaPollaNanyangTechnologicalUniversityThispaperarguesthatlong-standingproblemsintheanalysisofChinese
2、,suchasthequestionofwordclassesandgrammaticalrelations,canberesolved,oractuallydoneawaywithcompletely,ifwetakeaconstructionistapproachintheanalysis.Thismeanstheconstructionsaretakenasbasic,soweonlyneedtolookatthepropositionalfunctionsofelementsintheconstruction(referential,modifying,orpr
3、edicative),anddonotneedtopositglobalcategoriessuchaswordclassesandgrammaticalrelations.Keywords:MandarinChinese,ConstructionGrammar,grammaticalrelations,wordclasses,clausalnounmodifyingstructures1.ConstructionsTheideathatlanguageinvolvesconstructionsratherthanruleshasbeenaroundalongtime.
4、DwightBolinger(1961,1976)arguedthatmuchoflanguageuseinvolvesrecallofcompleteforms,includingsentences,frommemoryratherthangenerationoftotallynewforms,astheserememberedformsarewhatbecomefixedsyntacticpatterns(constructionalschemata).Bolingerarguedforsomething34／RandyJ.LaPollalikeconstructi
5、ons,whathecalled‘idioms’,andcombinationsofconstructions,whathecalled‘syntacticblends’toformnewsyntacticstructures,andpointedout‘thepermeationoftheentiregrammaticalstructurebythreadsofidiom’(1961:366).(SeealsoPawley1985,Grace1987,Langacker1987,Nunberg,Sag&Wasow1994.)InFoley&VanValin1984(s
6、eealsoVanValin&LaPolla1997:Ch.6)wefindthefirsttreatmentofgrammaticalrelationsasaconstruction-basedphenomenon,thatis,ratherthanseeinggrammaticalrelationsasaglobalphenomenoninalanguage,theysawitasamatterofindividualconstructionswhereoneargumentpositioninaconstructionissingledoutforspecialp
7、romi-nenceandtreatmentasthepivotoftheconstruction,andthereisarestrictedneutralizationofsemanticrolesinthatpivotposition.Differentlanguagesmaygrammaticalizedifferentkindsofpivots,andindifferentconstructions,ifatall,1andasinglelanguagemaygrammaticalizemorethanonetypeofpivot
