资源描述：
《农业产业化与发展中国家农业.ppt》由会员上传分享，免费在线阅读，更多相关内容在工程资料-天天文库。
1、农业产业化与发展中国家的农业・食物系统发展经济学石敏俊资源环境学院农业产业化与农业・食物系统ExperienceofNorthAmerica:Whatisagriculturalindustrialization?Whyindustrialization?Whataretheconsequencesofindustrialization?Developingcountry:Conceptanddeterminantsofindustrialization-incaseofChinaPolicyeffectsofindustrialization-incas
2、eofChinaVerticalcoordinationandruralorganizationExperienceofNorthAmericaSomesectorsoftheagricultureindustry,suchaspoultryandporkhaveevolvedintoafoodproductionsystem.Aprimarycharacteristicofaproductionsystemisthattherelationshipsamonginputsuppliers,producers/farmers,commoditybuyers
3、,foodprocessors,andfooddistributorshavegrowncloser.ExperienceofNorthAmericaThecloserrelationshipsamongbusinessesinthefoodproductionsystemhavetakenseveralforms,suchasverticalintegration,productioncontracts,strategicalliance,farmer-ownedprocessingcooperatives.Likesomeofthestrategies
4、alreadydescribed,thesearrangementshavecharacteristicsofbothverticalintegration(commonownership)andverticalcoordination(contractualrelationships).Whatisagriculturalindustrialization(Saxowsky1998)Suchaprocessofstructuralchangetowardsverticalintegrationorverticalcoordinationiscalledi
5、ndustrializationofagriculture.Whatisindustrializationofagriculture?Industrializationofagricultureispeopleadoptingbusinessstrategiestoshiftthefarmbusinessawayfromperfectmarketandtosellintoamarketwithimperfectcompetition.Conceptofagriculturalindustrialization(ReardonandBarrett2000)t
6、hegrowthofagro-processing,distribution,andfarm-inputprovisionactivitiesoff-farm(agro-industrialfirms);institutionalandorganizationalchangeintherelationbetweenagro-industrialfirmsandfarms,suchasincreasingverticalcoordination;concomitantchangesinthefarmsector,suchaschangesinproductc
7、omposition,technology,andsectoralandmarketstructureWhyindustrializationIndustrializationofagricultureisoccurringbecauseintegratedownershiporproductioncontractsoftenoffertheopportunitiesforcoordinatedoperationandcontrolledbreedingandfeedingusefultoproduceastandardizedsteadystreamof
8、therightqualityofoutputattheright
