spanishgrammarlesson31西班牙语语法31

spanishgrammarlesson31西班牙语语法31

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时间:2017-12-07

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1、Lesson31PASTSUBJUNCTIVEVOCABULARYeldólardollarelsursouthlafiestafestival,holidayahorrartosaveelhabitanteinhabitantalegrarse(de)beglad(to)lahiguerafigtree-dequebegladthateljardíngardenbailartodanceelnaranjoorangetreereír(i-i)tolaughelnorthnorthnaturalnaturalelolivooli

2、vetreepintorescopicturesqueundíadefiestaaholidayI.PASTSUBJUNCTIVE.EverySpanishverbhastwopastsubjunctives,onetakingtheso-called–ra,andtheothertheso-called–seendings.(a)Firstconjugationverbsfromthepastsubjunctivebyaddingthe–araorthe–aseendingstotherootofthethirdpersonp

3、luralofthepreterittense.Theseendingsare:-ara,-aras,-ara,-áramos,-arais,-aran-ase,-ases,-ase,-ásemos,-aseis,-asen-araendings-aseendingscompraracomprarámoscomprasecomprásemoscomprarascompraraiscomprarescomprarseiscompraracomprarancomprasecomprasen(b)Secondandthirdconju

4、gationverbsfromthepastsubjunctivebyaddingthe-ieraorthe–ieseendingstotherootofthethirdpersonpluralofthepreteritetense.Theendingsare:-iera,-ieras,-iera,-iéramos,-ierais,-ieran-iese,-ieses,-iese,-iésemos,-ieseis,-iesen-ieraendings-ieseendingscomieracomiéramosviviesevivi

5、ésemoscomierascomieraisviviesesvivieseiscomieracomieranvivieseviviesen114Theaboverulescoverpracticallyallverbshavingirregularpreterittenses.Forexample:VerbPreteritPastSubjunctivehaberhubieronhubieraorhubiesedormirdurmierondurmieraordurmieseestarestuvieronestuvieraore

6、stuviesehacerhicieronhicieraorhiciesepoderpudieronpudieraorpudiesesentirsintieronsintieraorsintiesetenertuvierontuvieraortuvieseII.IRREGULARPASTSUBJUNCTIVESVerbPreteritPastSubjunctivedecirdijerondijeraordijeseirfueronfueraorfueseserfueronfueraorfueseleerleyeronleyera

7、orleyesetraertrajerontrajeraortrajeseIII.PASTSUBJUNCTIVESINMAINCLAUSES.Althoughthepastsubjunctiveisusedmostlyindependentclauses,teh–raformisoftenusedinmainclauses.Theverbsquerer,poder,anddeberaremostfrequentlyusedinthisway.Quisierasvisitarlos.Iwouldliketovisitthem.Ud

8、.nopudierallevarlo.Youcouldn’tcarryit.Debiéramosaprenderlo.Wesoughttolearnit.IV.Deber.DeboanddebierabothmeanImust,Ioughtto,orIshoul

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