语言学第6章习题.doc

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1、SupplementaryExercisesI. DecidewhethereachofthefollowingstatementsisTrueorFalse:1. Bothsemanticsandpragmaticsstudyhowspeakersofalanguageusesentencestoeffectsuccessfulcommunication2. Pragmaticstreatsthemeaningoflanguageassomethingintrinsicandinherent.3. Itwouldbeimpossibletogiveanadequatedescript

2、ionofmeaningifthecontextoflanguageusewasleftunconsidered.4. Whatessentiallydistinguishessemanticsandpragmaticsiswhetherinthestudyofmeaningthecontextofuseisconsidered.5. Themajordifferencebetweenasentenceandanutteranceisthatasentenceisnotutteredwhileanutteranceis.6. Themeaningofasentenceisabstrac

3、t,butcontext-dependent.7. Themeaningofanutteranceisdecontexualized,thereforestable.8. Utterancesalwaystaketheformofcompletesentences9. SpeechacttheorywasoriginatedwiththeBritishphilosopherJohnSearle.10.  Speechacttheorystartedinthelate50’softhe20thcentury.11.  Austinmadethedistinctionbetweenacon

4、stativeandaperformative.12.  Perlocutionaryactistheactofexpressingthespeaker’sintention. II.   Fillineachblankbelowwithonewordwhichbeginswiththelettergiven:13. P_________isthestudyofhowspeakersofalanguageusesentencestoeffectsuccessfulcommunication.14.  Whatessentiallydistinguishess_______andprag

5、maticsiswhetherinthestudyofmeaningthecontextofuseisconsidered.15.  Thenotionofc_________isessentialtothepragmaticstudyoflanguage.16.  Ifwethinkofasentenceaswhatpeopleactuallyutterinthecourseofcommunication,itbecomesanu___________.17.  Themeaningofasentenceisa_______,anddecontexualized.18.  C____

6、____werestatementsthateitherstateordescribe,andwerethusverifiable.19.  P________weresentencesthatdidnotstateafactordescribeastate,andwerenotverifiable.20.  Al_________actistheactofutteringwords,phrases,clauses.Itistheactofconveyingliteralmeaningbymeansofsyntax,lexiconandphonology.21.  Ani_______

7、___actistheactofexpressingthespeaker’sintention;itistheactperformedinsayingsomething.22.  Ac_________iscommitthespeakerhimselftosomefuturecourseofaction.23.  Ane________istoexpressfeelingsorattitudetowardsanexistingstate.824