英语常见词根词缀整理.pdf

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1、常见词根词缀整理1.常见的名词后缀（1）表示“人和物”-anAmericanhistorian-ianItalianCanadianpolitician-antassistantaccountantparticipant-entstudentpresidentresident-eeemployeetrainee-erwriterspeakerwaiter-oractorconductorsailor-esswaitresshostessactress-istsocialistnovelistscientistdentist（2）表示

2、“性质、状态、动作、行为”的抽象名词-abilitysuitabilityprobability-ibilitypossibilityresponsibility-agemarriageshortagecarriage-alarrivalrefusalrevivalsurvival-anceacceptanceimportancedistanceignorance-encedependenceexistencedifferenceconference-domfreedomwisdomseldom-eryslaverybraveryd

3、iscoverymasteryrobbery-hoodchildhoodadulthoodneighborhood-ionquestionconstructionelectionconduction-itioncompositioncompetition-ationmodernizationcivilizationalteration-ismpessimismoptimismsocialismMarxism-mentmovementgovernmentencouragement-nesskindnesscarelessness-sh

4、ipfriendshipleadershiprelationship-ureexposurefailuremeasureleisurepleasure2.常见的动词后缀：表示“使（成为）”“使……化”-atecirculatedecorateregulatealternate-enstrengthenweakenbroadenwidenlighten-ifyclassifysimplifyspecifyqualifycertify-izerealizeorganizecriticizerecognize-ishastonishche

5、rishestablishfinishpunishvanish3：常见形容词后缀（1）表示“具有……性质的”-alnationalculturalnatural-anAmericanrepublican-ianItalianCanadianChristian-antpleasantresistantdistantconstant-entdifferentconfidentexcellent-arynecessaryimaginarycustomary-orycompulsorycontradictory-ateconsiderate

6、fortunate-eseChineseTaiwaneseCantonese-icheroicpoeticeconomic-sometroublesomehandsomequarrelsome(2)表示“充满或缺乏”-freeduty-freecare-freeworry-free-fulhopefulusefulwonderfulhelpful-lesshopelessuselessneedless-(i)ousdangerousvariousanxiousserious-yrainycloudydirtyhairytrendyf

7、ishy(3)表示“类似”-ishchildishstylishgreenish-likechildlikebusinesslike-lybrotherlyfriendlydeadlydeathly(4)表示“主、被动意义”-ablecomfortablecapablebelievabledisable-ibleresponsiblesensiblevisible-iveactivepositivenegativepassiveextensive(5)表示“方向”-warddownwardbackwardforwardwestwar

8、deastward4:常见的副词后缀-lystronglysuccessfullyquicklyangrilyslowly-ward(s)downwardseastwards-wiseclockwiselikewiseotherwis