中考英语语法专项：定语从句复习课件(PPT39张).ppt

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1、专题十四定语从句第一部分中考英语语法专题在复合句中修饰名词、代词的从句叫定语从句。定语从句先行词：被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。定语从句一般放在先行词后面。关系词：引导定语从句的词称为关系词。关系词分为关系代词（that,which,who,whom,whose)和关系副词（when,where,why)。关系代词在从句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分，关系副词在句中作状语。Ilikemusicthat/whichIcandanceto.先行词关系代词定语从句Ilikethesingerwhoisbeaut

2、iful.Ilikethemoviethatisfunny.找一找IstillrememberthefirsttimewhenImether.Ihaveanapple.Anappleisred.Ihaveanapplethatisred.修饰先行词anappleIhavesomefriends.Somefriendslikesports.Ihavesomefriendswholikesports.修饰先行词friendsIlikethemovie.Themovieisexciting.Ilikethe

3、moviethatisexciting.that修饰先行词movieThewomanwholivesnextdoorisateacher.Thewomanisateacher.Thewomanlivesnextdoor.who修饰先行词woman关系代词如何引导定语从句普通代词与关系代词的区别Ihaveasister.SheworksinShanghai.代替sister普通代词：只起代替的作用（如上例she)Ihaveasisterwho/thatworksinShanghai.关系代词：（如上例w

4、ho/that）1.代替先行词;2.它还在定语从句中担任一定的成分;3.同时连接先行词与它引导的定语从句。（把主句和从句连起来）Thebuildingisourschool.Thebuildingstandsbytheriver.关系代词的使用取决于先行词，它们的关系非常密切，因为关系代词在定语从句中代替主句中的先行词，所以它在一般情况下都跟在先行词之后，而且它的人称、数必须和先行词一致。Thebuildingwhich/thatstandsbytheriverisourschool.先行词关系词定语

5、从句which/that是关系代词，它在从句中代替先行词thebuilding,同时担任从句中的主语，也起连词的作用，把两个简单句连接起来。关系词判断步骤:1.要看先行词；2.要确定关系词在从句中的成分。关系词先行词关系词在从句中作的成分能否省略who/that人主语不能who/whom/that人宾语能whose/ofwhich人定语不能which/that物主语不能which/that物宾语能whose/ofwhich物定语不能when/介词+which时间时间状语不能where/介词+which

6、地点地点状语不能why/forwhich原因原因状语不能定语从句谓语动词和先行词一致.定语从句的时态不受主句的限制。Thewomanwho/thatspokeatthemeetingyesterdayismymother.(主句)Thewomanismymother.(叙述客观事实用一般现在时)(从句)Thewoman(who/that)spokeatthemeetingyesterday.(句中yesterday表示过去时间)TheboyisTom.Theboyissmiling.Theboyi

7、sTom.Theboyhasaroundface.Theboywho/thatissmilingisTom.(主语)Theboywho/thathasaroundfaceisTom.TheboyisTom.Hesitsinfrontofme.Theboywho/thatsitsinfrontofmeisTom.Themaniskind.Everyonelikeshim.Theman(who/whom/that)everyonelikesiskind.Thewomangotthejob.Wesaw

8、heronthestreet.Thewoman(who/whom/that)wesawonthestreetgotthejob.Theteacherwillgiveusatalk.Wemettheteacheryesterday.Theteacher(who/whom/that)wemetyesterdaywillgiveusatalk.关系代词1.who指人,作主语或宾语(作宾语可省略）Theman(who)Italkedwithisourteach