微生态制剂的研制与应用ppt课件.ppt

《微生态制剂的研制与应用ppt课件.ppt》由会员上传分享，免费在线阅读，更多相关内容在教育资源-天天文库。

1、微生态制剂的研制与应用1微生态制剂的定义和类型微生态制剂是在微生态学理论的指导下，调整生态失调（microdysbiosis）保持微生态平衡（microeubiosis），提高宿主（人、动植物）健康水平或增进健康佳态（wellbeing）的生理性活菌制品（微生物）及其代谢产物以及促进这些生理菌群生长繁殖的物质制品。目前国际上已将其分成3个类型:益生菌（Probiotics）益生元（Prebiotics）合生素（Synbiotics）益生菌，又称益生素，是指投入后通过改善宿主肠道菌群生态平衡而发挥有益作用，达到提高宿主（人和动物）健康水平和健康佳态的活菌制剂

2、及其代谢产物。其基本指导思想是用人或动物正常生理菌群（normalmicrobiota）的成员，经过选种和人工繁殖，通过各种途径和剂型制成活菌制剂，然后再以投入方式使其回到原来环境，发挥自然的生理作用。目前应用于人体的益生菌有双歧杆菌、乳杆菌、肠球菌、大肠杆菌、枯草杆菌、蜡样芽肠杆菌、地衣芽胞杆菌、丁酸梭菌和酵母菌等。Probioticsaredefinedviablemicroorganisms,sufficientamountsofwhichreachtheintestineinanactivestateandthusexertpositiveheal

3、theffectsProbioticfoodscontainlivingprobioticmicroorganismsinanadequatematrixandinsufficientconcentration,sothataftertheiringestion,thepostulatedeffectisobtained,andisbeyondthatofusualnutrientsuppliers.Theterm“probiotics”wascreatedinthe1950susedin1965forlivebacteriaandsporesasanim

4、alfeedsupplementsthatshouldhelplimitingtheuseofantibioticsinanimalhusbandry.Thefirstgenerallyaccepteddefinitionwasgivenin1989:aprobioticis“alivemicrobialfeedsupplementwhichbeneficiallyaffectsthehostanimalbyimprovingitsintestinalmicrobialbalance”.Pharmaceuticalproductswithlivebacte

5、riahavealsobeenonthemarketforalongtime,althoughnotlabeledas“probiotic”,andforyearswithoutasufficientproofofefficiency.HealthClaimsforProbioticsCompositionandeffectsofprobioticfoodsandtheirdetectionmethodsneedtobeclearlydefined.1.Aprimaryprerequisiteisthatsuchfoodsbehealthyandsafe,

6、andfreeofpathogenicandtoxiceffects.2.Postulatedhealtheffectshavetobeprovenbyclinicalstudiesinhumans.Invitrostudiesandanimalexperimentalanalysesonlygiveindicationstopossiblehealthrelevanteffects.Theymaybeusefulforidentifyingmechanismsofaction,orforthesearchfornewprobiotics.3.Clinic

7、alstudiesshouldfollowclearlydefinedstudygoalsandarandomized,double-blindandplacebocontrolleddesign.Theirresultsshouldbeconfirmedbyindependentresearchteams,anddocumentedinpeerreviewedscientificjournalsandbedocumentedaccordingtotherulesof“goodclinicalpractice”(GCP).7.Probioticeffect

8、saretargetspecific.Theeffectofpro