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1、GeneralLinguisticsChapterOne1.Designfeaturesoflanguage(pp3-8)2.Functionsoflanguage(pp9-14)3.Whatislinguistics?(pp14-15)4.Importantdistinctionsinlinguistics(pp20-23)ChapterTwo5.Articulatoryphonetics,acousticphoneticsandperceptual(orauditory)phonetics(p24)6.Whatisphonology?Whatisthedif
2、ferencebetweenphoneticsandphonology?[Tip:Phonetics(=thestudyofsound)vs.Phonology(=thestudyofsoundpatterns)]7.Whatisaphone?Whatisaphoneme?Whatisanallophone?(p38-40)8.Whatareminimalpairs?(pp38-39)[Tip:Whentwodifferentphoneticformsareidenticalineverywayexceptforonesoundsegmentwhichoccur
3、sinthesameplaceinthestring,thetwoforms(i.e.,words)aresupposedtoforma“minimalpair”,e.g.,“pill”and“bill”,“pill”and“till”,“till”and“dill”,“till”and“kill”,etc.]9.Whatisfreevariation?(p41)[Tip:Iftwosoundsoccurringinthesameenvironmentdonotcontrast;namely,ifthesubstitutionofonefortheotherdo
4、esnotgenerateanewwordformbutmerelyadifferentpronunciationofthesameword,thetwosoundsthenaresaidtobein“freevariation”.P41.]10.Whatiscomplementarydistribution?(p40)11.Whatistheassimilation?(pp41-42)ChapterThree12.Whatismorpheme?Whatismorphology?Whatisallomorph?Whatisfreemorpheme?Whatisa
5、boundmorpheme?(pp52-55)13.Whatisaroot?Whatisstem?Whatisanaffix?(pp53-54)14.Wordandlexicalitems(p57)15.Classificationofwords(pp59-61)16.Inflectionandderivation(pp61-62)ChapterFour17.Positionalrelation,relationofsubstitutability,andrelationofCo-occurrence(pp73-75)18.EndocentricandExoce
6、ntricconstructions(pp78-79)19.Coordinationandsubordination(pp79-81)20.Subject,Predicate,andObject(p81,p83,p84)21.Recursiveness(pp90-91)[Tip:Repetitionorembeddingofthesamestructuralelementsinlanguage.]22.Cohesion(p92)ChapterFive23.ThereferentialTheory(pp95-96)24.Senserelations(Synonym
7、y,AntonymyandHyponymy)(pp97-102)25.Semanticfeaturesorsemanticcomponents(p103)ChapterSix26.Whatiscognition?(pp115-116)27.Psycholinguistics(p117)28.Languageacquisition(pp118-119)29.Cognitivelinguistics(p129)30.Attention/Salience,Judgment/Comparison(figure/ground)(pp130-131)31.Imagesche
8、mas(134-135)
