语法专题十：非谓语动词.doc

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1、第十讲非谓语动词一．真题自测【2013北京】21.Volunteeringgivesyouachancelives,includingyourown.A.changeB.changingC.changedD.tochange【2013北京】24.thecourseverydifficult,shedecidedtomovetoalowerlevel.A.FindB.FindingC.TofindD.Found【2013北京】29.Whenwesawtheroadwithsnow,wedecidedt

2、ospendtheholidayathome.A.blockB.toblockC.blockingD.blocked（2013年高考英语分类解析分类整理及解【2013福建】22.______basicfirst-aidtechniqueswillhelpyourespondquicklytoemergencies.A.KnownB.HavingknownC.KnowingD.Beingknown【2013福建】32.Anyone,once_______positiveforH7N9fluvirus,

3、willreceivefreemedicaltreatmentfromourgovernment.A.tobetestedB.beingtestedC.testedD.totest【2013湖南】25.Thesunbegantoriseinthesky,________themountainingoldenlight.A.bathedB.bathingC.tohavebathedD.havebathed【2013湖南】29.Youcannotacceptanopinion________toyouu

4、nlessitisbasedonfacts.A.offeringB.toofferC.havingofferedD.offered【2013湖南】30.Everyday________aproverbaloudseveraltimesuntilyouhaveitmemorized.A.readB.readingC.toreadD.reads【2013湖南】31.________warmatnight,Iwouldfillthewoodstove,thensetmyalarmclockformidni

5、ghtsoIcouldrefillit.A.StayingB.StayedC.TostayD.Stay【2013江苏】24.LionelMessi,therecordforthemostgoalsinacalendaryear,isconsideredthemosttalentedfootballplayerinEurope.A.setB.settingC.tosetD.havingset二．考点讲义一、基本分类非谓语动词分为三类：分词(现在分词和过去分词)、动名词和动词不定式。它们具有名词和形容词

6、的某些特征，因而可以作主语、表语、宾语、定语和状语。1．分词(1)感官动词或使役动词后的现在分词作补语表示动作正在进行，不定式作补语表示动作发生的全过程。Isawhimwalkingacrosstheroad.(正在穿过马路)Isawhimwalkacrosstheroad.(看到过了马路的全过程)(2)及物动词的过去分词(done)与现在分词的一般被动式(beingdone)都有被动意义，前者表示动作完成，后者表示动作正在进行。Thepicturefixedonthewallwaspresente

7、dbyafriend.(已经被钉在墙上了)Thepicturebeingfixedonthewallwaspresentedbyafriend.(正被钉在墙上)注意：不定式有表将来之意。Thepicturetobefixedonthewallwaspresentedbyafriend.(将要被钉在墙上)(3)分词的独立主格结构：如果分词短语的逻辑主语与句子的主语不一致，需用一个独立结构(即保留分词的逻辑主语)或者由一个with/without引导的介词短语表达。Timepermitting,we'l

8、ldoanothertwoexercises.Hisworkfinished,hepreparedtogohome.Withhisworkfinished,hepreparedtogohome.2．动名词(1)动名词作定语表所修饰词的用途，而现在分词表动作或状态、特征。(2)动名词的复合结构作宾语，动名词的逻辑主语可用宾格代词或不带所有格。但作主语不行。Doyoumindmy/me/Tomsmokinghere?My/Tom'ssmokinghereannoyedhe