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1、2020考研英语:翻译试题精读(四)考研英语有许多题目组成,方便大家及时了解,下面由出国留学网小编为你精心准备了“2020考研英语:翻译试题精读(四)”,持续关注本站将可以持续获取更多的考试资讯!2020考研英语:翻译试题精读(四)艺术的价值Theoriesofthevalueofartareoftwokinds,whichwemaycallextrinsicandintrinsic.Thefirstregardsartandtheappreciationofartasmeanstosomerecognizedmoralgood,whilethes
2、econdregardsthemasvaluablenotinstrumentallybutasobjectsuntothemselves.Itischaracteristicofextrinsictheoriestolocatethevalueofartinitseffectsonthepersonwhoappreciatesit.Artisheldtobeaformofeducation,perhapsaneducationoftheemotions.Inthiscase,itbecomesanopenquestionwhethertherem
3、ightnotbesomemoreeffectivemeanstothesameresult.(46)Alternatively,onemayattributeanegativevaluetoart,asPlatodidinhisRepublic,arguingthatarthasacorruptingordiseducativeeffectonthoseexposedtoit.Theextrinsicapproach,adoptedinmoderntimesbyLeoTolstoyinWhatIsArtin1896,hasseldomseemed
4、whollysatisfactory.(47)Philosophershaveconstantlysoughtforavalueinaestheticexperiencethatisuniquetoitandthat,therefore,couldnotbeobtainedfromanyothersource.TheextremeversionofthisintrinsicapproachisthatassociatedwithWalterPater,OscarWilde,andtheFrenchSymbolists,andsummarizedin
5、theslogan“artforart’ssake”.Suchthinkersandwritersbelievethatartisnotonlyanendinitselfbutalsoasufficientjustificationofitself.(48)Theyalsoholdthatinordertounderstandartasitshouldbeunderstood,itisnecessarytoputasideallinterestsotherthananinterestintheworkitself.Betweenthosetwoex
6、tremeviewstherelies,onceagain,ahostofintermediatepositions.(49)Webelieve,forexample,thatworksofartmustbeappreciatedfortheirownsake,butthat,intheactofappreciation,wegainfromthemsomethingthatisofindependentvalue.(50)Thusajokeislaughedatforitsownsake,eventhoughthereisanindependen
7、tvalueinlaughter,whichlightensourlivesbytakingusmomentarilyoutsideourselves.Whyshouldnotsomethingsimilarbesaidofworksofart,manyofwhichaspiretobeamusinginjustthewaythatgoodjokesare?答案46.或者,人们可能会认为艺术具有负面的影响,像柏拉图在《理想国》一书中所认为的那样,艺术会影响那些接触它的人,使其堕落,或起不到教化作用。47.哲学家们一直在不懈地探索审美体验中的价值。这
8、种价值是独一无二的,因此不能从别处获得。48.他们还相信,为了以理解艺术的方式去理解艺术,须放弃对其他方面的关注而只关注艺