商务英语词汇大全

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商务英语词汇大全面对环境问题的巨大挑战，以有效利用资源和保护环境为基础的循环经济，越来越受到重视，循环经济成为国际新话题。以下是一组相关说法：1.与传统经济不同的是，循环经济倡导一种基于不断循环利用资源的发展模式。Unliketraditionaleconomy,cycliceconomyadvocatesamodelofdevelopmentonthebasisofconstantandcirculatoryuseofresource..2.在循环经济中，人们可以合理、持久地利用物质和能源，同时尽量减少经济活动对自然环境的不良影响。Incycliceconomy,peoplecanmakeuseofmatterandenergyrationallyandeverlastingly,andatthesametimedecreasetheunfavorableeffectthateconomicactivitiesmaymakeuponournaturalenvironmentasfaraspossible.3.最大限度地预防浪费和再生利用各种材料，可以实现循环经济。Acycliceconomywillbeachievedbycouplingmaximumwastepreventionwithmaterialrecycling.4.节约各类能源和资源，努力发展循环经济。economizeonenergyandresourcestodevelopacycliceconomy.economist经济学家socialisteconomy社会主义经济capitalisteconomy资本主义-可编辑修改- 经济collectiveeconomy集体经济plannedeconomy计划经controlledeconomy管制经济ruraleconomics农村经济liberaleconomy经济mixedeconomy混合经济-可编辑修改- politicaleconomy政治经济学protectionism保护主义autarchy闭关自守primarysector初级成分privatesector私营成分,私营部门publicsector公共部门,公共成分economicchannels经济渠道economicbalance经济平衡economicfluctuation经济波动economicdepression经济衰退economicstability经济稳定economicpolicy经济政策economicrecovery经济复understanding约定concentration集中holdingcompany控股公司trust托拉斯cartel卡特尔rateofgrowth增长economictrend经济趋势economicsituation经济形势infrastructure基本建设standardofliving生活标准,生活水平purchasingpower,buyingpower购买力scarcity短缺stagnation停滞,萧条,不景气underdevelopment不发达underdeveloped不发达的developing发展中的initialcapital创办资本frozencapital冻结资金frozenassets冻结资产fixedassets固定资产realestate不动产,房地产circulatingcapital,workingcapital流动资本availablecapital可用资产capitalgoods资本货物reserve准备金,储备金-可编辑修改- callingupofcapital催缴资本allocationoffunds资金分配contributionoffunds资金捐献workingcapitalfund周转基金revolvingfund循环基金,周转性基金contingencyfund意外开支,准备金reservefund准备金bufferfund缓冲基金,平准基金sinkingfund偿债基金investment投资,资产investor投资人self-financing自筹经费,经费自给bank银行currentaccount经常帐户（美作:checkingaccount）current-accountholder支票帐户（美作:checking-accountholder）无记cheque支票（美作:check）bearercheque,chequepayabletobearer名支票,来人支票crossedcheque划线支票traveller'scheque旅行支票转让,chequebook支票簿,支票本（美作:checkbook）endorsement背书transfer转帐,过户money货币issue发行readymoney现钱cash现金readymoneybusiness,nocreditgiven现金交易,概不赊欠change零钱banknote,note钞票,纸币（美作:bill）topay（in）cash付现金domesticcurrency,localcurrency]本国货币convertibility可兑换性convertiblecurrencies可兑换货币exchangerate汇率,兑换率-可编辑修改- 浮动汇率foreignexchange外汇floatingexchangeratefreeexchangerates汇兑市场foreignexchangecertificate外汇兑换券hardcurrency硬通货speculation投机saving储装,存款depreciation减价,贬值devaluation（货币）贬值revaluation重估价runawayinflation无法控制的通货膨胀deflation通货紧缩capitalflight资本外逃securitiesbusiness证券市场stockexchange贡市场stockexchangecorporation证券交易所stockexchange证券交易所,贡交易所quotation报价,牌价share股份,贡shareholder,stockholder贡持有人,股东dividend股息,红利cashdividend现金配股stockinvestment贡投资investmenttrust投资信托stock-jobber贡经纪人stockcompany,stockbrokeragefirm证券公司securities有价证券share,commonstock普通股preferencestock优先股incomegain股利收入issue发行贡parvalue股面价格,票面价格bull买手,多头bear卖手,空头assigned过户openingprice开盘closingprice收盘hardtimes低潮businessrecession景气衰退-可编辑修改- doldrums景气停滞dull盘整ease松弛raisinglimit涨停板break暴跌bond,debenture债券WallStreet华尔街shorttermloan短期贷longtermloan长期贷款mediumtermloan中期贷款lender债权人creditor债权人借款interest利息rateofdebtor债务人,借方borrower借方,借款人borrowinginterest利率discount贴现,折扣rediscount再贴现annuity年金maturity-可编辑修改--可编辑修改-到期日,偿还日amortization摊销,摊还,分期偿付redemption偿还insurance保险-可编辑修改--可编辑修改-mortgage抵押allotment拨款shorttermcredit短期信贷consolidateddebt合并债务fundeddebt固定债务,长期债务floatingdebt流动债务drawing提款,提存aid援助allowance,grant,subsidy补贴,补助金,津贴shorttermloan短期贷款longtermloan长期贷款mediumtermloanlender债权人creditor债权debtor债务人,借方borrower借方,借款人borrowing借款interest利息rateofinterest利率discount贴现,折扣rediscount再贴现annuity年金-可编辑修改- maturity到期日,偿还日amortization摊销,摊还,分期偿付redemption偿还insurance保险mortgage抵押allotment拨款shorttermcredit短期信贷consolidateddebt合并债务fundeddebt固定债务,长期债务floatingdebt流动债务drawing提款,提存aid援助allowance,grant,subsidy补贴,补助金,津贴cost成本,费用expenditure,outgoings开支,支出fixedcosts固定成本overheadcosts营业间接成本overheads杂项开支,间接成本operatingcosts生产费用,营业成本operatingexpenses营业费用runningexpenses日常费用,经营费用miscellaneouscosts杂项费用overheadexpenses间接费用,管理费用upkeepcosts,maintenancecosts维修费用,养护费用transportcosts运输费用socialcharges社会负担费用contingentexpenses,contingencies或有费用apportionmentofexpenses分摊费用income收入,收益earnings利润,收益grossincome,grossearnings总收入,总收益grossprofit,grossbenefit毛利,总利润,利益毛额netincome纯收益,净收入,收益净额-可编辑修改- 国收入averageincome平均收入nationalincomeprofitability,profitearningcapacity利润率,赢利率yield产量收益,收益率increaseinvalue,appreciation增值,升值duty税taxationsystem税制taxation征税,纳税fiscalcharges财务税收progressivetaxation累进税制graduatedtax累进税valueaddedtax增值税incometax所得税landtax地租,地价税excisetax特许权税basisofassessment估税标准taxableincome须纳税的收入fiscality检查tax-free免税的taxexemption免税taxpayer纳税人taxcollector收税员ChinaCouncilforthePromotionofInternationalTrade,C.C.P.I.T.中国国际贸易促进委员会NationalCouncilforUS-ChinaTrade美中贸易全国理事会Japan-ChinaEconomicAssociation日中经济协会AssociationforthePromotionofInternationalTrade,Japan日本国际贸易促进会BritishCouncilforthePromotionofInternationalTrade英国国际贸易促进委员会-可编辑修改- 与开发组织共同体InternationalChamberofCommerceInternationalUnionofMarineInsuranceInternationalAluminaAssociationUniversalPostalUnion,UPUCustomsCo-operationCouncil,CCC国际商会国际海洋运输保险协会国际铝矶土协会万国邮政联盟关税合作理事会UnitedNationsTradeandDevelopmentBoard联合国贸易与发展理事会OrganizationforEconomiccooperationandDevelopment,DECDEuropeanEconomicCommunity,EEC,EuropeanCommonMarketEuropeanFreeTradeAssociation,EFTA欧洲贸易联盟经济合作欧洲经济EuropeanFreeTradeArea,EFTA欧洲贸易区CouncilforMutualEconomicAid,CMEA经济互助委员会Eurogroup欧洲集团GroupofTen十国集团CommitteeofTwentyParisClub)二十国委员会巴黎统筹委员会CoordinatingCommittee,COCOM-可编辑修改- CaribbeanCommonMarket,CCM,CaribbeanFree-TradeAssociation,CARIFTA加勒比共同市场（加勒比贸易同盟）AndeansCommonMarket,ACM,AndeansTreatyOrganization,ATO安第斯共同市场LatinAmericanFreeTradeAssociation,LAFTA拉丁美洲贸易联盟CentralAmericanCommonMarket,CACM中美洲共同市场AfricanandMalagasyCommonOrganization,OCAM非洲与马尔加什共同组织EastAfricanCommonMarket,EACM东非共同市场CentralAfricanCustomsandEconomicUnion,CEUCA中非关税经济同盟WestAfricanEconomicCommunity,WAEC西非经济共同体OrganizationofthePetroleumExportingCountries,OPEC石油输出国组织OrganizationofArabPetroleumExportingCountries,OAPEC阿拉伯石油输出国组织-可编辑修改- CommonwealthPreferenceArea英联邦特惠区CentreNationalduCommerceExterieur,NationalCenterofExternalTrade法国对外贸易中心-可编辑修改- People'sBankofChinaBankofChina中国银行-可编辑修改--可编辑修改-WorldBank世界银行发协会InternationalMonetaryFoundAgreementInternationalMonetaryFound,IMFEuropeanEconomicandMonetaryUnionEuropeanMonetaryCooperationFundBankforInternationalSettlements,BISAfricanDevelopmentBank,AFDBExport-ImportBankofWashingtonNationalcityBankofNewYorkAmericanOrientalBankingCorporationAmericanExpressCo.Inc.Inter-AmericanDevelopmentBank,IDBInternationalDevelopmentassociation,IDA美国万国宝通银行InternationalBankforReconstructionanddevelopment,IBRD国际复兴开发银行国际开国际货币基金协定国际货币基金组织欧洲经济与货币同盟欧洲货币合作基金国际结算银行非洲开发银行美国进出口银行花旗银行美丰银行TheChaseBank大通银行泛美开发银行-可编辑修改- EuropeanInvestmentBank,EIB欧洲投资银行MidlandBank,Ltd.米兰银行-可编辑修改--可编辑修改-UnitedBankofSwitzerland瑞士联合银行DresdenBankA.G.德累斯敦银行-可编辑修改--可编辑修改-银行展组织BankofTokyo,Ltd.东京银行HongkongandShanghaiCorporationInternationalFinanceCorporation,IFCLaCommunauteFinancieveAfricaneEconomicandSocialCouncil,ECOSOCUnitedNationsDevelopmentProgram,NUDP国际金融公司香港汇丰非洲金融共同体联合国经济及社会理事会联合国开发计划署UnitedNationsCapitalDevelopmentFund,UNCDFUnitedNationsIndustrialDevelopmentOrganization,UNIDO联合国资本开发基金联合国工业发-可编辑修改--可编辑修改-联合国贸UnitedNationsConferenceonTradeandDevelopment,UNCTAD-可编辑修改--可编辑修改-易与发展会议FoodandAgriculturalOrganization,FAO粮食与农业组织,粮农组织EconomicCommissionforEurope,ECE欧洲经济委员会EconomicCommissionforLatinAmerica,ECLA拉丁美洲经济委员会-可编辑修改- 敦贡市场EconomicCommissionforAsiaandFarEast,ECAFEEconomicCommissionforWesternAsia,ECWAEconomicCommissionforAfrica,ECAOverseasChineseInvestmentCompanyNewYorkStockExchange,NYSE亚洲及远东经济委员会西亚经济委员会非洲经济委员会华侨投资公司纽约证券交易所LondonStockMarket-可编辑修改--可编辑修改-波罗的海商业和航运交易所BalticMercantileandShippingExchange-可编辑修改--可编辑修改-instruction,education教育culture文化primaryeducation初等教育secondaryeducation中等教育highereducation高等教育thethreeR's读、写、算schoolyear学年term,trimester学季semester学期schoolday教学日schoolholidays假期curriculum课程subject学科discipline纪律timetable课程表class,lesson课homework家庭作业exercise练习dictation听写spellingmistake拼写错误（short）course短训班seminar研讨班playtime,break课间,休息toplaytruant,toplayhooky逃学,旷课-可编辑修改- courseofstudy）学业studentbody学生（总称）classmate,schoolmatepupil小学生student大学生schoolboy男生schoolgirl女生auditor旁听生swot,grind用的学生oldboy老生grant,scholarship,fellowship奖学金holderofagrant,scholar,fellow奖学金获得者schooluniform校服teachingstaff教育工作者（总称）teachers教师（总称）primaryschoolteacher小学老师teacherlecturer大学老师professor教授schooling教授,授课assistant助教headmaster校长（女性为:headmistress）deputyheadmaster,deputyhead副校长rector校长dean教务长laboratoryassistant,labassistant实验员beadle,porter门房,学校工友gamesmaster,gymteacher,gyminstructor体育教师privatetutor私人教师,家庭教师pedagogue文学教师（蔑称）ofschoolage教龄beginningofterm开学matriculation注册toenroll,toenroll予以注册totakelessons（学生）上课toteach（老师）上课tostudy学习tolearnbyheart记住,掌握-可编辑修改- torevise,togoover复习test考试totest考试totakeanexamination,tositanexamination,todoanexamination参加考试convocationnotice考试通知examiner考试者boardofexaminers考试团examinationoral,writtenexamination口试,笔试question问题questionpaper试卷crib夹带（美作:trot）topassanexamination（或exam）,通过考试pass,passinggrade升级prizegiving分配奖品tofallanexamination未通过考试failure未考好torepeatayear留级degree学位graduate毕业生tograduate毕业project,thesis毕业论文GeneralCertificateofEducation中学毕业证书（美作:highschooldiploma）holderoftheGeneralCertificateofEducation中学毕业生（美作:holderofahighschooldiploma）doctorate博士学位doctor博士competitiveexamination答辩考试Chinese语文English英语Japanese日语mathematics数学science理科gymnastics体育history历史algebra代数geometry几何-可编辑修改- geography地理biology生物chemistry化学physics物理physicalgeography地球物理literature文学sociology社会学psycology心理学philosophy哲学engineering工程学mechanicalengineering机械工程学electronicengineering电子工程学medicine医学socialscience社会科学agriculture农学astronomy天文学economics经济学politics政治学commercialscience商学biochemistry生物化学anthropology人类学linguistics语言学accounting会计学law,jurisprdence法学banking银行学metallurgy冶金学finance财政学mass-communication大众传播学journalism新闻学atomicenergy原子能学civilengineering土木工程architecture建筑学chemical,engineering化学工程accountingandstatisics会计统计businessadministration工商管理library图书馆学diplomacy外交foreignlanguage外文botany植物major主修minor辅修school学校kindergarten幼儿园infantschool幼儿学校primaryschool,juniorschool小学secondaryschool中学highschool,secondaryschool专科学校businessschool商业学校-可编辑修改- technicalschooltechnicalcollege专科学校university)campus大学university大学boardingschool供膳宿的学校dayschool日校,无宿舍学校,走读学校daystudentwhohaslunchatschool提供午餐的走读学生academy专科学院faculty系hallofresidence学校公寓classroom教室lecturetheatre阅览室(美作:lecturetheater)amphitheatre阶梯教室(美作:amphitheater)staffroom教研室headmaster'sstudy,headmaster'soffice校长办公室(assembly)hall礼堂-可编辑修改--可编辑修改-library图书馆playground操场desk课桌blackboard黑板apieceof)chalk粉笔slatepencil石板笔wallmap挂图skeletonmap廓,示意图labourmarket劳职业介绍所(美MinistryofLabour劳工部(美作epartmentofLabor工市场,劳务市场Labourexchange,Employmentexchange作:EmploymentBureau)labourmanagement职业介绍经纪人fullemployment整日制工作tobepaidbythehour按小时付酬seasonalwork季节工作pieceworkwork计件工作timeworkwork计时工作teamworkwork联合工作shiftwork换班工作-可编辑修改- assemblylinework组装线工作（美作:serialproduction）workshop车间handicrafts,crafts手艺,技艺trade,craft行当profession,occupation职务employment,job工作situation,post位置job一件工作vacancy空缺,空额workpermit工作许可证toapplyforajob求职,找工作application（forajob）求职toengage,toemploy雇用workcontract劳务合同industrialaccident劳动事故occupationaldisease职业病vocationalguidance职业指导vocationaltraining职业训练retraining,reorientation,rehabilitation再训练,再培训holidays,holiday,vacation假期labourcosts,labourinput劳力成本fluctuationoflabour劳力波动（美作flabor）worker工作者permanentworker长期工,固定工personnel,staff人员employee职员clerk,officeworker办公室人员salaryearner雇佣工人workman工人organizedlabour参加工会的工人skilledworker技术工人unskilledworker非技术工人specializedworker熟练工人-可编辑修改- farmworker农场工人labourerworker农业工人daylabourer日工合作者foreman工头trainee,seasonalworker季节工collaboratorapprentice学徒工apprenticeship学徒artisan,craftsman工匠specialist专家nightshift夜班shortageoflabour,shortageofmanpower缺乏劳力workingclass工人阶级proletarian无产者proletariat无产阶级tradeunion工会（美作:labor-可编辑修改--可编辑修改-union)tradeunionist工团主义者tradeunionism工团主义guild行会,同会,公会association,society,union协会emigration移,移居employer雇主,老板shopsteward(美作:uniondelegate)delegate代表-可编辑修改--可编辑修改-representative代表workscouncil劳资联合委员会labourlaw劳工法workingday,workday工作日full-timeemployment,full-timejob,full-timework全天工作part-timeemployment,part-timejob,part-timework半日工作workinghours工作时间overtime业余时间remuneration报酬pay,wage,salary工资wageindex工资指数minimumwage最低工资basicwage基础工资grosswages全部收入net,realwages实际收入-可编辑修改- hourlywages,wagerateperhour计时工资monthlywages月工资weeklywages周工资pieceworkwage计件工资maximumwage最高工资（美作:wageceiling）slidingscale按物价计酬法paymentinkind用实物付酬dailywages日工资premium,bonus,extrapay奖励payday发工资日,付薪日payslip工资单payroll薪水册unemploymentbenefit失业救济old-agepension退休金,养老金collectiveagreement工会代表工人与资方代表达成的协议retirement退休claims要求strike罢工striker罢工者go-slow怠工（美作:slow-down）lockout停工（业主为抵制工人的要求而停工）staggeredstrike阶段性罢工strikepicket罢工纠察队员strikepay罢工津贴（由工会给的）strikebreaker,blackleg破坏罢工者downtools,sit-downstrike静坐demonstration,manifestation示威sanction制裁unemployment失业seasonalunemployment季节性失业underemployment不充分就业unemployedman失业者（个人）theunemployed失业者（集体）todischarge,todismiss辞退,开除,解雇dismissal开除,解雇toterminateacontract结束合同,结束契约negotiation谈判collectivebargaining劳资双方就工资等问题谈判receptionist接待员typist打字员keypuncher电脑操作员stenographer速记员-可编辑修改- telephoneoperator电话接线员programmer电脑程序员systemanalyst系统分析员shorthandtypist速记打字员officegirl女记事员publicservants公务员nationalpublicservant国家公务员localpublicserviceemployee地方公务员nationrailroadman国营铁路职员tracer绘图员illustrator汇稿员saleswoman女店员pilot驾驶员simultaneous同时译员publisher出版人员graphicdesigner美术设计员deliveryboy送报员secretary秘书policeman警察journalist记者editor编辑interpreter通译者director导演talent星探actor男演员actress女演员photographer摄影师scholar学者translator翻译家novelist小说家playwright剧作家linguist语言学家botanist植物学家economist经济学。chemist化学家scientist科学家philosopher哲学家politician政治学家physicist物理学家astropologist人类学家archaeologist考古学家geologist地质学家expertonfolklore俗学家mathematician数学家biologist生物学家zoologist动物学家statistician统计学家physiologist生理学家futurologist未来学家artists艺术家painter画家musician音乐家-可编辑修改- composer作曲家singer歌唱家designer设计家sculptor雕刻家designer服装设计师fashioncoordinator时装调配师dressmaker女装裁剪师cutter裁剪师sewer裁缝师tailor西装师傅beautician美容师model模特ballerina芭蕾舞星detective刑警chiefofpolice警察局长taxidriver出租车司机clerk店员mailman邮差newspaperboy报童bootblack擦鞋童poet诗人copywriter撰稿人producer制片人newscaster新闻评论人milkman送奶人merchant商人florist卖花人baker面包师greengrocer菜贩fish-monger鱼贩butcher肉贩shoe-maker鞋匠saleswoman女店员stewardess空中小姐conductor车掌stationagent站长porter行李夫carmechanic汽车修理师architect建筑师civilplanner城市设计师civilengineer土木技师druggist,chemist,pharmacist药剂师guide导游oilsupplier加油工(public)healthnurse保健护士dentist牙科医生supervisor监工forman工头doctor医生nurse护士宏观经济的macroeconomic通货膨胀inflation破产insolvency有偿还债务能力的solvent合同contract-可编辑修改- 汇率exchangerate紧缩信贷tightencreditcreation私营部门privatesector财政管理机构fiscalauthorities宽松的财政政策slackfiscalpolicy税法taxbill财政publicfinance财政部theMinistryofFinance平衡预算balancedbudget继承税inheritancetax货币主义者monetariest增值税VAT(valueaddedtax)收入revenue总需求aggregatedemand货币化monetization赤字deficit-可编辑修改- 经济不景气recessionaperiodwhentheeconomyofacountryisnotsuccessful,businessconditionsarebad,industrialproductionandtradeareatalowlevelandthereisalotofunemployment经济好转turnabout复苏recovery成本推进型costpush货币供应moneysupply生产率productivity劳动力laborforce实际工资realwages成本推进式通货膨胀cost-pushinflation需求拉动式通货膨胀demand-pullinflation双位数通货膨胀double-digitinflation极度通货膨胀hyperinflation长期通货膨胀chronicinflation治理通货膨胀tofightinflation最终目标ultimategoal坏的影响adverseeffect担保ensure贴现discount萧条的sluggish认购subscribeto支票帐户checkingaccount货币控制工具instrumentsofmonetrycontrol借据IOUs(Ioweyou)本票promissorynotes货币总监controllerofthecurrency拖收系统collectionsystem支票清算或结算checkclearing资金划拨transferoffunds可以相信的证明credentials改革fashion被缠住entangled货币联盟MonetaryUnion再购协议repo精明的讨价还价交易horse-trading-可编辑修改- 欧元euro公共债务membershipcriteria汇率机制REM储备货币reservecurrency劳动密集型labor-intensive贡交易所bourse竞争领先frontrun牛市bullmarket非凡的牛市aragingbull规模经济scaleeconomcies买方出价与卖方要价之间的差价bid-askspreads期货(贡)futures经济商行brokeragefirm回报率rateofreturn贡equities违约default现金外流cashdrains经济人佣金brokeragefee存款单CD(certificateofdeposit营业额turnover资本市场capitalmarket布雷顿森林体系TheBrettonWoodsSystem经常帐户currentaccount套利者arbitrager远期汇率forwardexchangerate即期汇率spotrate实际利率realinterestrates货币政策工具toolsofmonetarypolicy银行倒闭bankfailures跨国公司MNC(Multi-NationalCorporation)商业银行commercialbank商业票据comercialpaper-可编辑修改- 监督tomonitor利润profit本票，期票promissorynotes套期保值hedge外汇储备foreignexchange佣金（经济人）commissionbrokers有价证券平衡理论portfoliobalancetheoryreserves固定汇率fixedexchangerate浮动汇率floating/flexibleexchangerate货币选择权（期货）currencyoption套利arbitrage合约价exerciseprice远期升水forwardpremium多头买升buyinglong空头卖跌sellingshort按市价订购贡marketorder贡经纪人stockbroker国际货币基金theIMF七国集团theG-7监督surveillance同业拆借市场interbankmarket可兑换性convertibility软通货softcurrency限制restriction交易transaction充分需求adequatedemand短期外债shorttermexternaldebt汇率机制exchangerateregime直接标价directquotes资本流动性mobilityofcapital赤字deficit本国货币domesticcurrency-可编辑修改- internationalreserve外汇交易市场foreignexchangemarket利率interestrate资产assets国际收支balanceofpayments贸易差额balanceoftrade繁荣boom债券bond资本captial资本支出captialexpenditures商品commodities商品交易所commodityexchange期货合同commodityfuturescontract普通贡commonstock联合大企业conglomerate货币贬值currencydevaluation通货紧缩deflation折旧depreciation贴现率discountrate归个人支配的收入disposablepersonalincome从业人员employedperson汇率exchangerate财政年度fiscalyear企业freeenterprisegrossantionalproduct库存inventory劳动力人数laborforce债务liabilities市场经济marketeconomy合并merger货币收入moneyincome跨国公司MultinationalCorproation个人收入personalincome优先贡preferredstock价格收益比率price-earningratio优惠贷款利率primerate利润profit回报returnoninvestment-可编辑修改- 使货币升值revaluation薪水salary季节性调整seasonaladjustment关税tariff失业人员unemployedperson效用utility价值value工资wages工资价格螺旋上升wage-pricespiral收益yield补偿贸易compensatorytrade,compensateddeal储蓄银行savingsbanks欧洲联盟theEuropeanUnion单一的实体asingleentity抵押贷款mortgagelendingowner''''sequity普通股commonstock无形资产intangibleassets收益表incomestatement营业开支operatingexpenses行政开支administrativeexpenses现金收支一览表statementofcashflow贸易中的存货inventory收益proceeds投资银行investmentbank机构投资者institutionalinvestor垄断兼并委员会MMC招标发行issuebytender定向发行introduction代销offerforsale直销placing公开发行publicissue信贷额度creditline国际债券internationalbonds欧洲货币Eurocurrency利差interestmargin以所借的钱作抵押所获之贷款leveragedloan权利股发行rightsissues净收入比例结合netincomegearing-可编辑修改- 外贸中常见英文缩略词1C2T/T(telegraphictransfer)电汇3D/P(documentagainstpayment)付款交单4D/A(documentagainstacceptance)承兑交单5C.O(certificateoforigin)一般原产地证6G.S.P.(generalizedsystemofpreferences)普惠制7CTN/CTNS(carton/cartons)纸箱8PCE/PCS(piece/pieces)只、个、支9DL/DLS(dollar/dollars)美元10DOZ/DZ(dozen)一打11PKG(package)一包，一捆，一扎，一件等12WT(weight)重量13G.W.(grossweight)毛重14N.W.(netweight)净重15C/D(customsdeclaration)报关单16EA(each)每个，各17W(with)具有18w/o(without)没有19FAC(facsimile)传真20IMP(import)进口21EXP(export)出口22MAX（maximum）最大的、最大限度的23MIN（minimum）最小的，最低限度24M或MED（medium）中等，中级的-可编辑修改- 25M/V(merchantvessel)商船26S.S(steamship)船运27MT或M/T(metricton)公吨28DOC(document)文件、单据29INT(international)国际的30P/L(packinglist)装箱单、明细表31INV(invoice)发票32PCT(percent)百分比33REF(reference)参考、查价34EMS(expressmailspecial)特快传递35STL.（style）式样、款式、类型36T或LTX或TX（telex）电传37RMB(renminbi)人币38S/M(shippingmarks)装船标记39PR或PRC(price)价格40PUR(purchase)购买、购货41S/C(salescontract)销售确认书42L/C(letterofcredit)信用证43B/L(billoflading)提单44FOB(freeonboard)离岸价45CIF(cost,insurance补充：CR=credit贷方，债主DR=debt借贷方（注意：国外常说的debtcard，就是银行卡，creditcard就是信誉卡。这里都是指银行和财务公司说的，你的银行卡，是你将钱放入银行，银行是"借贷方"，所以叫做debt卡。用credit卡，是你从银行或者财政-可编辑修改- 公司借钱，银行或公司是"贷方"，所就叫credit.）Exp=Expense花费，费用O/H=overhead常用开支TC=totalcost总费用FC=fixedcost常设费用VC=variablecost变动费用P=profit竟利润S=sales销售总额Rev=revenue利润MC=marginalcost费用差额GM=grossmargin毛利MR=marginalrevenue利润差额A/R=acountreceivable待收款（销售后，记账以后收取。）A/P=accountpayable代付费（花费后记账，以后付费。）PMT=payment支付款N/I=netincome纯收入AMT=amount数额DCT=discount打折OCCUPATIONEMPLOYMENT职业与就业-可编辑修改- accountantn.会计airhostess女乘务员，空姐applicantn.申请人appointv.任命appointmentn.任命assistantn.助理attendantn.服务员auditorn.查帐员bankern.银行家barbern.为男士理发的理发师bookkeepern.记帐员brokern.经纪人businessmann.商人buyern.采购员capablea.有能力的careern.职业certificaten.证书chemistn.药剂师clerkn.办事员current(present)post现在的工作dentistn.牙医designern.设计家detectiven.侦探diploman.文凭，学位directorn.…长（主任）dismissv.解雇drawern.出票人，开票人，抽屉eployeen.雇员employern.雇主engineern.工程师executiven.行政官experiencedstaff有经验的雇员freelancen.职业者（作家、演员等）full-timejob专职工作graduaten.毕业生hairdressern.理发师interviewn.v.面试jobagency职业介绍所judgen.法官laborern.劳工landladyn.女房东lawyern.律师managern.经理managingdirectorn.总经理manufacturern.制造商-可编辑修改- 记者officeworker办公室工作newsagentn.报刊销售人newspaperreporter人员officern.官员operatorn.接线员outofwork失业packern.包装工part-timejob非专职工作permanentjob固定职业photographern.照相师pilotn.飞行员politiciann.政治家postmann.邮递员presidentn.总裁，董事长previousjob以前的工作pricecontroller物价员教授primeminister总理principaln.校长producern.制造者professorn.purchasern.采购员qualificationn.资格qualitycontroller质量管理员receptionistn.接待员recommendv.推荐redundancyn.过剩，多余，累赘redundanta.过剩的，多余的，累赘的resignv.辞职resumen.简历-可编辑修改--可编辑修改-retailern.零售商retirev.退休sackv.n.解雇salesrep(representative)销售代表salesmann.销售员scientistn.科学家secretaryn.秘书shopassistant售货员shopkeepern.店主skilledworkers技术工人specialistn.专家specializeinv.专长staffrecruitment雇员招聘supervisorn.主管人-可编辑修改- temporaryjob临时职业toapplyfor申请totakeon雇佣typistn.打字员unemploymentn.失业vacancyn.空缺（职位）wholesalern.批发商workforcen.劳动力TYPESOFCOMPANYBUSINESS行业名称bankingn.银行业constructionn.建筑业correspondencen.通信educationn.教育electronicsn.电子学entertainmentsn.娱乐financen.财经，金融pressn.healthn.保健import/exportn.v.进/出口manufacturen.制造业报刊，新闻界printingn.印刷业producingn.生产业programmingn.编程publishingn.出版sciencen.科学telecommunicationsn.通讯tradeunionn.工会transportingn.运输DIVISIONSDEPARTMENTS公司部门accountsn.会计部-可编辑修改- administrationn.行政管理部-可编辑修改--可编辑修改-advertisingn.广告部assemblyline装配线assemblyplant装配工厂canteenn.餐厅，小卖部clinicn.门诊所customeraccount帐务部distributionn.分销部financialservices财务服务部forwardingcompany运输公司groupn.集团headoffice总部headquartersn.总部humanresources人力资源部maintenancen.维修部managementn.管理部marketingn.营销部packagingn.包装部personneln.人事部productionn.生产部publicrelations公关部purchasingn.采购部qualitycontrol质量管理部researchanddevelopment调研部salesn.销售部trainingn.培训部wagesandsalaries工资部常用缩略语表accounts帐目aerospace太空algebra（alg）代数学（代数）anatomy（anat）解剖学（解剖）architecture（archit）建筑学（建筑）arithmetic（arith）算术（算术）art艺术-可编辑修改- astronomy（astron）天文学（天文）ballet芭蕾舞biblical圣经的，圣经中的（圣经）biology（biol）生物学（生物）book-keeping传记botany（bot）植物学（植物）business贸易（贸易）chemistry（chem）化学（化学）cinema电影commerce（comm）商业（商）computer（comp）电子计算机（计算机）cricket板球戏ecclesiastical（eccles）教会的（教会）engineering（eng）工程学（工程）electricity（electr）电学（电）farming农业finance（fin）财政学（财政）football足球gambling赌博geology（geol）地质学（地质）geometry（geom）几何学（几何）grammar（gram）文法（文法）history（hist）历史（史）journalism新闻学legal法律linguistics（ling）语言学（语言）mathematics（maths）数学（数学）mechanics（mech）机械学（机械）medical（med）医学（医）meteorology（met）气象学（气象）-可编辑修改- military（mil）军语（军）music音乐mythology理学philosophyphil）哲学（哲）phonetics（phon）语言学（语言）photographyphoto）摄影术（摄影）physics（phys）物理学（物理）physiologyphysiol）生理学（生理）politics（pol）政治学（政治）psychologypsych）心理学（心理）racing赛马，赛车radiotelegraphyradio）无线电报（无线电）rugger橄榄球science科学sport运动tennis网球theatre戏剧trigonometry（trig）三角学（三角）zoologyzool）动物学（动物）centreofpopulation城市city城capital首都metropolis大都市centre（美作:center）myth）神话nautical（naut）航海（航海）pathology（path）病-可编辑修改--可编辑修改-municipal市的,市政的shoppingcentre商业区municipality市政当局district区residentialarea居区,住宅区urban市区的suburb近郊区outskirts郊区slums贫窟,贫区shantytown贫区village村hamlet小村hole,dump狭小破旧的住房locality所在地Chinesequarter唐人街-可编辑修改- extension范围,扩展house房子building楼房skyscraper摩天楼flat居住单元,套房shop,store商店departmentstores百货公司bazar,bazaar市场market市场,集市junkshop旧货店newsstand报摊CommodityExchange商品交易所StockExchange贡交易所townhall市政厅Lawcourt法院church教堂cathedral大教堂坟,墓school学校chapel小礼拜堂cemetery墓地,公墓grave,tombuniversity大学library图书馆theatre剧院（美作:theater）-可编辑修改--可编辑修改-museum博物馆zoologicalgarden动物园fairground,funfair游乐园-可编辑修改--可编辑修改-station车站artmuseum美术stadium体育场generalpostoffice馆-可编辑修改--可编辑修改-artgallery画廊botanicalgarden植物园monument纪念碑publictelephone公共电话publiclavatory公共厕所nationalhighway国道-可编辑修改--可编辑修改-trafficlight交通灯barracks兵营常用男女名字各20个2Jessica2ChristopherGirls'NameBoys'Name1Ashley1MichaelAmanda3Matthew4Sarah4Joshua5Brittany5Andrew6Megan6Daniel7Jennifer7Justin8Nicole8David-可编辑修改- 9Stephanie9Ryan10Katherine10John11Lauren11Steven12Rachel12Robert13Samantha13James14Heather14Nicholas15Elizabeth15Joseph16Danielle16Brian17Christina17Jonathan18Emily18Kyle19Danielle19Sean20Christina20William100%:onehundredpercent0.5%:pointfivepercent0.46%:pointfoursixpercent2.05:twopointnoughtfive;twopointOfive6.003:sixpointnoughtnoughtthree;sixpointOOthree78.12:seventy-eightpointonetwo119:oneonenine120:onetwooh688:sixdouble-eight5337:fivedouble-threeseven6512:sixfiveonetwo97868:nineseveneightsixeight893493:eightninethreefourninethree737964:seventhreesevenninesixfour62374881:sixtwothreesevenfourdouble-eightone同一个时间可以有几种表达方法。1.1)4:00fouro'clock,four,4o'clock-可编辑修改- 1.1)04:00fourinthemorning,4a.m1.2)16:00fourintheafternoon,4p.m2.1)9:00nineo'clock,nine,9o'clock2.2)09:00nineinthemorning,9a.m2.3)21:00nineintheevening,nineatnight,9p.m3.1)12:00twelveo'clock,twelve,12o'clock3.2)12:00twelveinthemorning,12a.m,midday3.3)00:00twelveatnight,12p.m,midnight3.412:15,00:15aquarterpasttwelve,quarterpasttwelve,twelvefifteen,aquarteraftertwelve3.502:25,14:25twenty-fivepasttwo,twenty-fiveminutespasttwo,twotwenty-five,twenty-fiveaftertwo3.611:30,23:30halfpasteleven,eleven-thirty,halfeleven,halfaftereleven-可编辑修改- 3.212:45,00:45aquartertoone,quartertoone,twelveforty-five,aquarterof-可编辑修改--可编辑修改-one8)07:50,19:50tentoeight,tenminutestoeight,seven-fifty,tenofeight卜面的例句都是表示时间:Whattimeisit,Gordon?几点了，戈登？Justafterfive.刚过5点。What'sthetimenow?现在是什么时刻？It'squarterpast.一刻了。Canyoutellmethetime?你能告诉我几点了吗？It'stwenty-fivepasttwelve.12点25分。Haveyougotthetime?你知道现在是什么时间吗？Itisnearlyoneo'clock.快一点了。WhattimedoestheboatleavefromNewYork?船什么时间离开纽约？Ataquarterpastthreeintheafternoon.下午3点15分。Thetimeissixforty-five.现在是6点45分。Mywatchsayssixthirty.我的表是6点30分。-可编辑修改- It'sfivetoeightandbreakfast'sateighto'clock.现在是格林威治平时10点现在差5分8点B，早餐八点钟开。Thetimewas10:35hoursGreenwichMeanTime.-可编辑修改--可编辑修改-35分。I'llbebackatquarterpastone.我1点15分回来。Byeleveno'clockBrianwasbackinhisoffice.布赖恩11点回到了办公室。睡着。Attwoo'clockinthemorningcaslonwasstillawake.到凌晨2点卡斯隆还没-可编辑修改--可编辑修改-你必须在9点半前到那儿。Youshouldbetherenolaterthanninethirty.-可编辑修改--可编辑修改-Officehoursarefrom9a.mto6p.m办公时间为早9点到下午6点。-可编辑修改--可编辑修改-同一日期的表达方法7月10日July10,July10th,10July或10thJulyTuesdayMaythethirteenth5月13日星期二MondaythefifthofApril415日星期一Whatdateisit?今天是几号？It'sthe30thtoday.今天是30号。-可编辑修改- 他们于1913年12月9日结婚。TheymarriedonDecember9,1913.LabourwasdefeatedintheGeneralElectionon19June1970.工党在1970年6月19日大选中败北。ThecasewasheardintheHighCourtinFebruary1970.这个案件于1970年2月由高等法院审理。WherewereyouonthenightsofFebruary4thand7th?2月4日和7日晚上你都在什么地方？TheylivedtoghtherfromDecemberofthatyearuntilJuneof1980.他们从那年12月到1980年6月一直住在一起。Thepaterhehandsmehasa1975date.他签发给我文件写的是1975年的日期。在英式英语中，日期在前月份在后，即顺序为日月年，但在美式英语中，则月份在前日期在后，即顺序为月日年。这一点必须注意，否则会发生错误。例如我们写10-7-86或10/7/86，在英式英语中是July10th1986,而在美式英语中，则为October7th1986.我们使用的计算机上的时间就是美式英语。英美说法不同的还有，例如：这事发生在星期四。在英式英语中IthppenedonThursday.而在美式英语中为IthappenedThursday.关于多少多少年代。-可编辑修改- 八十年代eighties指的是1980-1989，可写为1980's，另外1980-1985可写为earlyeighties,1985-1989可写为lateeighties.例如：inStockholminthethirties三十年代在斯德哥尔摩Iwentonacomputertrainingcourseinthenineteeneighties.我在八十年代进过计算机培训班。表达星期几的例句everyTuesdayforthenextfewmonths下几个月的每星期二I'mterriblebusyonSaturdays.我在星期六特别忙。OnMondaynights,thepupilsgotothecinema.星期一的晚上，学生们去看电影。I'veneverworkedonaSundayinmywholelife.我从未在星期日工作过。1840eighteenforty1900nineteenhundred1992nineteenninety-twotravellingcircus巡回马戏团circuswagonbigtop大帐篷,马戏篷tent帐篷ring,arena场地tier看台masterofceremonies,M.C.节目主-可编辑修改- 持人,司仪parade,cavalcade列队行进show节目circusact马戏节目trickrider,equestrianacrobat马戏演员equitation,riding马术equestrian,rider马术演员fakir,magician,illusionist,conjurer,conjuror魔术师mountebank,tumbler变戏法者ventriloquist腹语术者contortionist柔术演员acrobat杂技演员balancer表演平衡技巧的人trapezeartist荡秋千演员walker,ropewalker走绳索者funambulist走钢丝者juggler耍把戏者swordswallower吞剑者fireeater吞火者snakecharmer耍蛇者flier,flyer空中飞人（美作:aerialist）clown小丑giant巨人midget,dwarf侏儒horsetrainer驯马师wildanimaltrainer驯兽师liontamer驯狮者wildanimal野兽cage笼子whip鞭子performinganimal驯服的动物-可编辑修改- tights,leotard紧身衣tumble翻筋斗doublesomersault翻双筋斗humanpyramid叠罗汉balance平衡技巧rings圈springboard跳板trampoline绷床trapeze秋千safetynet安全网tightrope绳索乐园merry-go-round,roundabout回转木马（美作:carrousel）switchback,scenicrailway,bigdipper过山车（美作:rollercoaster）ghosttrain魔鬼列车bigwheel,Ferriswheel弗累斯大转,大观览车dodgems,bumpercars碰碰车slide,helter-skelter突降滑道stall,booth摊位fortuneteller算命者riflerange,shootinggallery气枪打靶wheeloffortune抓阄转tombola摸彩PunchandJudyshow,puppetshow木偶戏表演greasypole爬竿取物dance舞classicaldancing古典舞ballet芭蕾舞corpsdeballet芭蕾舞团balletdancer芭蕾舞演员tutu,balletskirt芭蕾舞短裙balletshoe芭蕾舞鞋choreography芭蕾舞舞蹈设计steps舞步wire-walking走钢丝balancingpole平衡杆fair市场amusementpark游-可编辑修改- ballroomdance舞厅舞ballroom,dancehall舞厅danceorchestra伴舞乐队dancingpartner舞伴folkdance间舞festival节目iceskating滑冰figureskating花样滑冰iceskates冰刀鞋,滑冰鞋rollerskating滑旱冰rollerskates式旱冰鞋discotheque迪斯科舞厅records录音jukebox自动点唱机party聚会maskedball,fancydressball化装舞会,假面舞会facemask面罩halfmask,smallmask半截面罩costume服装carnival狂欢节carnivalparade狂欢节队伍float彩车paperlantern纸灯paperstreamer纸带,彩纸带confetti五彩纸屑fireworkdisplay,fireworks焰火jumpingjack,jumpingcracker跳爆竹banger响炮rocket起花cabaret余兴节目varietyshow,vaudeville杂耍musichall杂耍戏院nightclub夜总会floorshow夜总会的歌舞表演comedian喜剧演员singer歌手chorusgirls歌舞团女演员pub酒店jazzclub爵士乐俱乐部club俱乐部park公园flowergardens花园playground运动场zoo动物园excursion,outing旅行,远足-可编辑修改- adayinthecountry交B区一日游picnic野炊pleasuretriptogoforawalk散步swing秋千balloon气球sandpit沙坑（美作：sandbox）bucketandspade桶和/卜铲sandcastle沙塔miniaturegolf小小高尔-可编辑修改--可编辑修改-夫球rowingboat小划子，游艇paddleboat脚踏明游艇sailingboat帆船one-armedbandit,fruitmachinecasino吃角子老虎，赌博机hotel旅馆guesthouse宾馆mainentrance大entrancehall「［厅staircase,stairs,stairway楼梯balustrade,banister楼梯栏杆corridor过道verandah夕卜廊lobby走廊lift,elevator电梯informationdesk问讯处receptionoffice接待室hotelregister旅客登记簿registrationform登记表newsstand售报处postalservice邮局服务处shop小卖部bar酒吧间lounge休息厅-可编辑修改--可编辑修改-,球房dining-room,dininghallroofgarden屋顶花园billiard-roommen'sroom男盥洗室ladies'room女盥洗室cloak-room存衣处-可编辑修改- 房间号码basement地下室cellar地窖broomcloset杂物室roomnumber单人房间roomkey房间钥匙suite一套房间singleroomdoubleroom双人房间sitting-room,living-room起居室sofa,settee长沙发easychair安乐椅armchair扶手椅wickerchair藤椅foldingchair叠椅swivelchair转椅rockingchair摇椅stool凳子bench条凳teatable茶几desk书桌bookcase书橱bookshelf书架wardrobe衣柜built-inwardrobe,closet壁橱chestofdrawers五斗橱screen屏风hatrack帽架rug小地毯carpet大地毯singlebed单人床doublebed双人床twinbeds成对床mattress褥子quilt被blanket毯子sheet床单bedspread床罩cottonterryblanket毛巾被pillow枕头pillowcase枕套mat席cushion垫子bathroom浴室bathtub浴盆showerbath,shower淋浴coldandhotwatertaps冷热自来水龙头sprinkle-nozzle,（shower）nozzle喷头dressingtable梳妆台mirror镜子washbasin洗脸盆towel毛巾toilet,lavatory,washroom卫生间watercloset,W.C.厕所；抽水马桶toiletroll,toiletpaper卫生纸bathtowel浴巾bathrobe浴衣towelrail,towelrack毛巾架sponge海绵waste-paperbasket废纸篓thermometer温度计balcony阳台sashwindow上下开关窗shutters百叶窗transom,transomwindow气窗-可编辑修改- curtain窗帘lacecurtain挑花窗帘windowsill窗台air-conditioned空调设备的radiator暖气片centralheating暖气ashtray烟灰碟smokingset烟具electricfan电扇chandelier,pendantlamp吊灯fluorescentlamp日光灯desklamp台灯bedsidelamp床头灯floorlamp落地灯walllamp壁灯lampshade灯罩bulbholder灯头bulb灯泡screw-typebulb罗口灯泡bayonet-typebulb卡口灯泡frostedbulb磨砂灯泡opalbulb,opaquebulb乳白灯泡switch开关socket插座plug插头telephone电话electriciron电熨斗peg,hook衣钩clothes-hanger衣架door-mat门前的擦鞋棕垫manager经理attendant服务员deskclerk值班服务员waiter（餐厅）服务员waitress（餐厅）女服务员rent租金bill账单receipt收据postoffice邮局sub-postoffice邮政支局（美作:branchpostoffice）window窗口post-officebox邮政信箱posterestante留局待取（美作:GeneralDelivery）cashondeliver货到付款pigeonholes信函分拣台格架sortingtable分拣台mailsorter信件分类装置sortingoffice信件分拣室letterbox信箱（美作:mailbox）letter-scales信件磅mailbag邮袋postman邮递员（美作:mailman）airmail,airmail航空邮件（by）airmail航空邮寄parcel邮包-可编辑修改- diplomaticpouch,diplomaticbag外交邮袋expressdeliveryletter,specialdeliveryletter快递信件registeredletter挂号信coveringletter附信toregister挂号topostaletter寄信delivery递送todealwiththemail发信collection收信correspondence通信exchangeofletters书信往来acknowledgementofreceipt回执byreturnofpost立即回信writingpaper信纸envelope信封addressee收信人consignee（包裹）收件人payee（汇单）收款人sender发信人address地址postaldistrict邮区local本埠letterhead印在专用印笺上头的单位名称.地址等heading台头date日期datestamp（加盖的）日期邮戳postscript附笔,又及（P.S）pleaseforward请转发postcard明信片circular（letter）通知printedmatter印刷品moneyorder,postalorder汇票,汇单telegraphicmoneyorder电汇汇单stamp邮票postmark邮戳-可编辑修改-