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1、10ChangeandconfigurationmanagementThereareveryfewprojectswhichdonotchangeinsomewayduringtheirlifecycle.Equallythereareveryfewchangeswhichdonotaffectinsomewayeither(orall)thetime,costorqualityaspectsoftheproject.Forthisreasonitisimportantthatallchangesarerecorded,evaluat
2、edandmanagedtoensurethattheeffectsareappreciatedbytheoriginatorofthechange,andthepartycarryingoutthechangeissuitablyreimbursedwherethechangeisagenuineextratotheoriginalspecifi-cationorbrief.Incaseswhereaformalcontractexistsbetweentheclientandthecontractor,anequallyforma
3、lprocedureofdealingwithchanges(orvariations)isessentialtoensurethat:1Nounnecessarychangesareintroduced;2Thechangesareonlyissuedbyanauthorizedperson;3Thechangesareevaluatedintermsofcost,timeandperformance;4Theoriginatorismadeawareoftheseimplica-tionsbeforethechangeisputi
4、ntooperation.InpracticethismaynotalwaysbepossibleiftheextraworkhastobecarriedouturgentlyforChangeandconfigurationmanagementsafetyorsecurityreasons.Insuchacasetheevaluationandreportoftheeffectmustbeproducedassoonaspossible;5Thecontractoriscompensatedfortheextracostsandgi
5、venextratimetocompletethecontract.Unfortunatelyclientsdonotalwaysappreciatewhateffectevenaminorchangecanhaveonacontract.Forexample,aclientmightthinkthatbyeliminatinganitemofequipmentsuchasasmallpump,afewweeksintothecontractwouldreducethecost.Hemightwellfind,however,that
6、thechangesinthedesigndocumentation,datasheets,drawings,bidrequestsetc.willactuallycostmorethanthecapitalvalueofthepump,sothattheoverallcostoftheprojectwillincrease!Thewatchwordsmustthereforebe:isthechangereallynecessary.Inpracticeassoonasachangeorvariationhasbeenrequest
7、edeitherverballyorbyachangeorder,itmustbeconfirmedbacktotheoriginatorwithastatementtotheeffectthatthecostandtimeimplicationswillbeadvisedassoonaspossible.AChangeofContractScopeNoticemustthenbeissuedtoalldepartmentswhomaybeaffectedtoenablethemtoassessthecost,timeandquali
8、tyimplicationsofthechange.AcopyofsuchadocumentisshowninFigure10.1,whichshouldcontainthefollowinginformation:Pr
