英语语法题集

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英语语法题集语法结构（一）名词&限定词1.Therehavebeenmany____intheirmarriagebuttheystillloveeachother.A.rightandwrongB.backandforthC.upsanddownsD.rightandleft解析：正确答案为C。many修饰可数名词的复数形式，选项中只有C符合，“upsanddowns”为固定词组，意为“起落、沉浮、盛衰”。2.Theofficialsinthe____atLondonairportwereverypolite.A.CustomB.CustomsC.customD.customs解析：正确答案为B。“theCustoms”特指“海关”。3.Hiswordsare____butthemeaningisdeep.A.fewB.afewC.littleD.alittle解析：正确答案为A。“words”为可数名词复数，只能用few/afew修饰，little/alittle修饰的是不可数名词；而few表示否定，强调“很少、少到几乎没有”，afew则表示肯定，“有几个、少数”。4.The____isjustaroundthecornerandyouwon’tmissit.A.bicycles’shopB.bicyclesshopC.bicycleshopD.bicycle’sshop解析：正确答案为C。名词有时候可以直接作定语修饰另一个名词，“自行车店”直接翻译为bicycleshop即可。5.Wouldyoulikesomemorecoffee?There’sstill____left.A.alittleB.littleC.afewD.few解析：正确答案为A。后半句的意思为“还有一点咖啡剩”，可排除表示否定的little和few；再从There’s可判断后面主语为单数名词或不可数名词，假如用afew，肯定是There’re，因此应该是alittle。6.Thesalaryofataxidriverismuchhigherthan____salary.A.theteacher’sB.theteacherC.oftheteacherD.teacher解析：正确答案为A。本题考查名词所有格的表达法，theteacher是有生命的，所以必须用’s属格而用of。7.Fortonight’shomework,dopassage40and41intheworkbook.Ithinkthatis____work.A.toomuchB.muchthemoreC.toohardD.hardest解析：正确答案为A。toomuch修饰不可数名词，表示“太多……”。（二）代词1.Thebicycleyousawisn’t____.Itbelongsto____.A.me,youB.mine,hersc.hers,hisD.his,her解析：正确答案为D。第一个空格应为名词性物主代词，可排除A；belongto后面应跟人称代词宾格，故选D。2.–___isyourgirlfriendlike?–Sheisverykindandgood-looking.A.HowB.WhatC.WhichD.Who解析：从答语中的kind和good-looking可判断问句问的是“你女朋友是什么样的人”，故用疑问代词what提问。（三）形容词&副词1.Oneofhisgreatinventionswas____valuedattheworldScientificConference.

1A.highB.greatC.highestD.highly解析：正确答案为D。空格处为谓语的修饰语，应为副词，且这里应理解为抽象意义的“高度地”，故用highly而不是high。2.It’s____thathewaswrong.A.clearlyB.clarityC.clearD.clearing解析：正确答案为C。该句为含有主语从句“thathewaswrong”的复合句，空格处放在be动词之后，应为形容词，故选C。3.Nancyisconsideredtobe____theotherstudentsinherclass.A.lessintelligentB.themostintelligentC.intelligentaswellD.asintelligentas解析：正确答案为D。该题考查形容词的比较结构，前后有Nancy和theotherstudents两个对象，不可能是最高级，排除B；假如用比较级A选项的话，必须有连词than，故A也可排除；只能用D，“as+adj.原级+as”为原级的比较结构。4.ThetopoftheGreatWallis____for5horsestogetsidebyside.A.wideB.sowideC.wideenoughD.enoughwide解析：正确答案为C。enough修饰形容词或副词时必须放在它们的后面，故选C。（四）介词1.It’spossibletotellthetimeindaylight____lookingintoacat’seyes.A.withB.forC.byD.from解析：正确答案为C。后面跟V-ing作方式状语的介词为by。2.LastnighthestudiedEnglish____midnight.A.forb.byC.toD.until解析：正确答案为D。句意为“他昨晚学英语学到半夜”，故用until（到……为止）。3.Itwasagreatpleasure____metobeinvitedtotheparty.A.forB.onC.toD.of解析：正确答案为A。该句中It为形式主语/先行主语，真正主语为不定式tobeinvitedtotheparty，前面加上forme构成不定式的复合结构，引出不定式的逻辑主语。一、情态动词1.How____yousaythatyoureallyunderstandthewholestoryifyouhavecoveredonlypartofthearticle?A.canB.mustC.needD.may解析：正确答案为A。句意为“如果你只是看完这篇文章的一部分，你怎么能够说你真正明白了整个故事呢？”，可见空格处应使用表示“能力”的情态动词，故选A。2.–Writetomewhenyougethome.–I____.A.mustB.shouldC.willD.can解析：正确答案为C。根据上下文，这里用will不仅表示“将会”，也表示一种意愿。二、时态与被动语态1.She____100pagesofthebooktoday.A.hasalreadyreadB.alreadyreadsC.alreadyreadD.wasalreadyread解析：正确答案为A。already常与现在完成时连用，放在have和过去分词的中间或放在句末，表示“已经做了某事”。2.Ifthephoneringsagain,I____it.A.ignoreB.willignoreC.willhaveignoredD.willbeignoring

2解析：正确答案为B。该题考查一般将来时与真实条件句连用的句型。3.Becausehe____hisworkwell,hewasfired.A.hadnotbeendoneB.hadnotbedoingC.hadnotbeendoingD.hasnotdone解析：正确答案为C。“他被解雇”发生在“他一直没有做好工作”之后，因而原因从句用过去完成进行时表示该动作发生于主句wasfired之前。4.JamesWatt____thesteamengine.A.wasinventingB.inventedc.hadinventedD.hasinvented解析：正确答案为B。“JanmesWatt发明蒸汽机”显然是过去发生的事情，故用一般过去时。5.Alongtimeago,I____inLondonforthreeyears.A.hadlivedB.havelivedC.livedD.havebeenliving解析：正确答案为C。“时间段+ago”结构常与一般过去时连用，表示“多久前发生的过去经历”。6Atthattime,she____onajourneywithherfriend.A.IsB.wasc.hasbeenD.were解析：正确答案为B。atthattime是信息词，表示明确的过去时间，故用一般过去时。7.IfellandhurtmyselfwhileI____basketballyesterday.A.wasplayingB.amplayingC.playD.played解析：正确答案为A。本题考查一般过去时与过去进行时连用的句型，句意为“昨天我在打篮球的时候跌倒并伤到了自己”，“打篮球”为持续进行的动作，用过去进行时，而“跌倒、伤到自己”为瞬间、短暂动作，发生在“打篮球”过程中，用一般过去时。8.He_____tomelastweek.A.iswritingB.writesC.wroteD.iswritten解析：正确答案为C。lastweek是信息词，表示明确的过去时间，故用一般过去时。三、非谓语动词（不定式、动名词&分词）1.Fredwantedtoridehisbicycleinthestreet,buthismothertoldhim____.A.nottoB.nottodoC.notdoitD.donotto解析：正确答案为A。本题考查不定式充当宾补时的否定式，“tellsb.todosth.”的否定结构为“tellsb.nottodosth.”，而承接上句可省略dosth.。2.SamuelClemens,____asMarkTwain,wasoneofthemostfamousAmericanwriters.A.toknowB.tobeknownC.knownD.knowing解析：正确答案为C。本题考查过去分词结构用作后置定语，knownasMarkTwain相当于定语从句whoisknownasMarkTwain。3.Therearetenwaitingroomsatthestations,____inall5.000people.A.satB.sittingc.seatedD.seating解析：正确答案为D。本题考查现在分词结构用作后置定语，seatinginall5,000people相当于定语从句whichseatinall5,000people。“seatsb.”表示“为某人提供座位”。4.Henryisoftenseen____Englishaloudeverymorningintheclassroom.A.readB.readsC.beingreadD.toread解析：正确答案为D。本题考查不定式充当主语补足语的用法，seesb.dosth.用于主动语态中，变成被动语态则要加上to，即变成beseentodosth.。5.____fromhearttroubleforyears,ProfessorWhitehadtotakesomemedicinewithhimwherehegoes.A.sufferedB.sufferingC.havingsufferedD.beingsuffered

3解析：正确答案为C。本题考查现在分词完成体的用法，表示分词所表示的动作发生在主句谓语所描述的动作之前。6.Itisnoteasy____theanswertothisproblem.A.tofigureoutB.figuringoutC.figureoutD.beingfiguredout解析：正确答案为A。本题考查不定式充当主语的用法。不定式用于句型“Itis+adj.+(forsb.)todosth.”中充当句子的真正主语，常用于该句型的形容词有easy,difficult,hard,important,necessary,impossible,essential,crucial等。7.Don’tforget____thewindowbeforeleavingtheroom.A.tohaveclosedB.tocloseC.havingclosedD.closing解析：正确答案为B。forgettodosth.表示“忘记要做某事”，动作尚未发生，而forgetdoingsth.表示“忘记做过某事”，动作已发生。8.Inmanyways,ridingabicycleissimilarto_____.A.thedrivingacarB.drivingacarC.whenyoudriveacarD.whendrivingacar解析：正确答案为B。本题考查动名词结构充当介词的宾语，在短语besimilarto中，to为介词，故后面需跟动名词，跟主语ridingabicycle构成平行结构。9.Thetraveler___inexperienced,doesn’tknowhowtoplanatrip.A.tobeB.beingC.isasbeing解析：正确答案为B。本题考查现在分词结构充当原因状语的用法，beinginexperienced等于becausehe/sheisinexperienced。10.____withyou,Ihavealongwaytogo.A.ComparedB.comparingC.tocompareD.compare解析：正确答案为A。本题考查过去分词结构充当状语的用法，主句主语I不是compared这一动作的发出者而是该动作的承受者，故用过去分词。四、虚拟语气1.JohnspeaksGermanasifhe____aGerman.A.IsB.wasc.hasbeenD.were解析：正确答案为D。asif引导的方式状语从句表示与现在事实相反的情况时要用一般过去时来表示虚拟语气，而在虚拟语气中，be动词一般只能用were。2.Ididn’tgotothecinemathedaybeforeyesterday,butIdowish____there.A.wereB.wouldbeC.hadbeenD.willbe解析：正确答案为C。wish后跟宾语从句表示过去没有实现的愿望时，从句必须用过去完成时表示虚拟语气。3.Thelawrequiresthateveryone____hiscarcheckedatleastonceaweek.A.hasB.hadC.haveD.wouldhave解析：正确答案为C。表示建议、命令、要求等的动词后跟宾语从句时常用“(should)＋动词原形”结构表示虚拟语气。4.Itisdesirablethattheairplane____aslightaspossible.A.isB.wereC.beD.hadbeen解析：正确答案为C。“Itis/was+adj.+主语从句”表示建议、惊奇等时，从句也常用“(should)＋动词原形”结构表示虚拟。5.Hetalksasifhe____everythingintheworld.A.knowsB.knewC.hadknownD.wouldhaveknown解析：正确答案为B。asif引导的方式状语从句表示与现在事实相反的情况时要用一般过去时来表示虚拟语气。五、从句

4（一）定语从句1.ThepainterlivedmorethanadecadeinEurope____hecouldbeinclosecontactwithothermasters.A.whereB.inwhichC.thatD.inthat解析：正确答案为A。本题考查限制性定语从句引导词的用法。Europe表示地点，在从句中充当地点状语，故用where。2.Itwasraining,____wasapity.A.whatB.thatC.theD.which解析：正确答案为D。本题考查非限制性定语从句引导词的用法，用于指代整个主句内容的关系代词只能用which。3.ItissaidthatthebesttimetovisitthecityisJuneorJuly____theSouthAmericacoolsthecity.A.whereB.whichC.onwhichD.when解析：正确答案为D。本题考查限制性定语从句引导词的用法。JuneorJuly表示时间，在从句中充当时间状语，故用when。（二）状语从句1.Nosoonerhadsheenteredthehouse____hermobilephonerang.A.WhenB.thanC.asD.while解析：正确答案为B。本题考查由关联从属连词“Nosooner…than”所引出的含有时间状语从句的复合句，表示“一……就……”。2.Wehadhardlygotintothecountry____itbegantorain.A.whenB.beforeC.thanD.after解析：正确答案为A。本题考查由关联从属连词“hardly…when”所引出的含有时间状语从句的复合句，表示“一……就……”。3.____youdisagreewithher,herplanisstillworthconsidering.A.EvenifB.IfonlyC.HoweverD.Unless解析：正确答案为A。本题考查由Evenif（即使）所引导的让步状语从句。4.Yesterdaywas____daythatwedecidedtogoswimming.A.suchbeautifulB.sobeautifulC.suchabeautifulD.asobeautiful解析：正确答案为C。本题考查“such+a/an+adj.+单数n.+that结果状语从句”，该结构也可等于“so+adj.+a/an+单数n.+that结果状语从句”。（三）名词性从句（主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句&同位语从句）Hedidn’tliveupto____hadbeenexpectedofhim.A.whatB.whichC.thatD.all解析：正确答案为A。本题考查名词性从句（宾语从句）的引导词，该引导词在从句中指物（expectsth.ofsb.）、且充当从句的主语，故只能用what。六、反意疑问句Yourbrothertoldmethatyouoversleptthismorning,____?A.didn’theB.didn’tyouD.didheD.didyou解析：正确答案为B。本题考查复合句的反意疑问句，复合句的附加问句需与句子的重心一致，该句的重心在从句，故根据从句构成附加问句。七、倒装句Notalways____theywantmost.

5A.peoplecangetwhatB.peoplecannotgetwhatC.canpeoplegetwhatD.can’tpeoplegetwhat解析：正确答案为C。本题考查部分倒装结构，含有否定意义的词提前到句首时，引起部分倒装，即谓语中的助动词提前到主语前面。八、强调句1.Itwassixo’clockintheafternoom___theyarrivedatthehotel.A.sinceB.beforeC.whenD.that解析：正确答案为D。本题考查强调句型“Itis/was+被强调部分（主语、宾语、表语或状语）+that（强调部分指人时也可用who）…”，该题被强调部分为时间状语，故只能用that。2.Itwasforthisreason____herunclemovedoutofNewYorkandsettleddowninasmallvillage.A.whichB.whyC.thatD.how解析：正确答案为C。本题考查强调句型“Itis/was+被强调部分（主语、宾语、表语或状语）+that（强调部分指人时也可用who）…”，该题被强调部分为原因状语，故只能用that。九、主谓一致1.Apairofspectacles____whatIneedatthemoment.A.isB.areC.hasD.have解析：正确答案为A。由两个部分组成的物体名称通常是以-s结尾，如scissors(剪子)，pincers(钳子)，glasses/spectacles(眼镜），shorts(短裤)，trousers(裤子)，suspenders(吊裤带)等。这一类名词，如果不带单位词apairof（"一把"、"一副"、"一条"等）而单独使用，通常作复数；如果带有单位词，则由单位词的单、复数形式决定动词的单、复数形式。2.Measles____alongtimetogetover.A.spendB.spendsC.takeD.takes解析：正确答案为D。一些表示疾病的名词常以-s结尾，但并非表示复数的概念，充当主语时谓语动词往往要使用单数形式，可排除A、C，而spend的主语往往是人，常用于“Sb.spendstime/moneyonsth.”或“Sb.spendstime/money(in)doingsth.”。故选D。3.Modernmachinery____beeninstalledinthisnewlybuiltfactory.A.hasB.havec.isD.are解析：正确答案为A。集体名词machinery通常视为不可数名词，故后面动词使用单数形式，可排除B、D，而只有has才能与beeninstalled构成现在完成时的被动语态，用is则讲不通。4.Doyouwanttowait?Fivedays____toolongformetowait.A.wasB.wereC.isD.are解析：正确答案为C。表示时间、金钱、距离、度量等的数词词组视为整体、作为单一的概念理解时，谓语动词用单数形式。5.There____abookandsomemagazinesonthedesk.A.isB.areC.haveD.has解析：正确答案为A。Therebe句型中出现两个以上的并列主语时，be动词的单复数根据就近原则而定，即be动词与最靠近它的主语在数上一致。6.Maths____thestudyorscienceofnumbers.A.isB.areC.wasD.were解析：正确答案为A。表示学科名称的名词常以-ics结尾，但它们往往作单数用，maths=

6mathematics，故后面动词也必须用单数形式。十、固定搭配与句型1.Fishcannotlive____water.A.withB.withoutC.inD.on解析：正确答案为B。本题考查双重否定结构“cannotdo(sth.)withoutsth.”（“没有……就不能做……”）。2.Thatmanlooksfamiliartome.Hereminds____Dr.Richards.A.metoB.meC.meforD.meof解析：正确答案为D。本题考查remind的固定用法“remindsb.ofsth.”（“使某人想起……”，“提醒某人……”）。3.Weshouldkeepintouch____eachother,including____eachother.A.on,writeB.in,towriteC.with,writingD.at,wrote解析：正确答案为C。本题考查固定短语keepintouchwithsb.（与某人保持联系），而including后面要跟名词性结构。4.Ihave____finishedthebook.A.moreorlessB.muchorlessC.moreorfewD.manyorless解析：正确答案为A。本题考查固定短语moreorless（或多或少，差不多）。5.Tomissosensitivetalkative.I’msureyou’llsoongettired____him.A.ofB.withc.atD.on解析：正确答案为A。本题考查固定短语get/betiredof（对……感到厌烦）。6.Theideassoundverygood,butwillitworkin____?A.practiceB.placeC.theoryD.public解析：正确答案为A。本题考查固定短语inpractice（在实践中，实际上）。7.Wecamefinally____theconclusionthatshe’sbeentellingliesallthetime.A.ofB.intoC.toD.at解析：正确答案为C。本题考查固定短语cometoa/theconclusion（得出结论）。8.Wegotothecinema____aweek.A.oftenB.onceC.seldomD.usually解析：正确答案为B。本题考查频度的表达法：倍数+a+时间名词。onceaweek表示“一周一次”。9.Sheagreed____meonthismatter.A.overB.onC.toD.with解析：正确答案为D。本题考查固定短语agreewithsb.（赞同某人的看法）。10.I’dliketotake____ofthisopportunitytothankallofyouforyourcooperation.A.profitB.benefitC.occasionD.advantage解析：正确答案为D。本题考查固定短语takeadvantageof（利用）。11.Thepublicstoreistocloseat9:00p.m.____noneedtoworry,itisjust7:30p.m.A.YouhaveB.TheyhaveC.ItisD.Thereis解析：正确答案为D。本题考查句型“Thereisnoneedtodosth.”（没有必要做某事）。12.Hedidn’tknow____orgohome.A.towaitB.ifthatheshouldwaitC.iftowaitD.whethertowait

7解析：正确答案为D。本题考查whether与or搭配使用的结构。13.Theysentthelettertome____mistake.A.byB.forC.onD.with解析：正确答案为A。本题考查固定短语bymistake（错误地）。14.Wefeltveryproud____thework.A.aboutB.inC.ofD.at解析：正确答案为C。本题考查固定短语feel/beproudof（为……感到自豪）。15.Sheisnotonlymyclassmate,____alsomygoodfriend.A.orB.butC.andD.too解析：正确答案为B。本题考查notonly与butalso连用的结构，表示“不仅……而且……”。16.Don’tlaugh___peoplewhentheyare___trouble.A.in,atB.at,atC.at,inD.on,in解析：正确答案为C。本题考查固定短语laughat（嘲笑）和introuble（处于困难/危险中）。17.Whoshouldberesponsible____thelossofthedocuments?A.inB.onC.ofD.for解析：正确答案为D。本题考查固定短语beresponsiblefor（对……负责任）。18.Itwasnot____midnightthattheydiscoveredthechildrenwerenotintheirbedroom.A.beforeB.atC.afterD.until解析：正确答案为D。本题考查“notuntil”结构，题干为强调句型，被强调部分是时间状语notuntilmidnight。19.Idon’tknow____todealwithsuchamatter.A.whatB.howC.whichD./解析：正确答案为B。本题考查“特殊疑问词+不定式”结构，句意为“我不知道如何解决这样的问题”，故用疑问副词how。20.Heisnotachild____.A.nomoreB.nolongerC.anymuchD.anymore解析：正确答案为D。本题考查固定结构“not…anymore”（不再……，＝nomore）。21.I’mnotusedtospeaking____public.A.inB.atC.onD.to解析：正确答案为A。本题考查固定短语inpublic（公开地，当众）。22.Youhadbetter____adoctorassoonaspossible.A.seeingB.sawC.seeD.seen解析：正确答案为C。本题考查固定结构：hadbetterdosth.。23.Tom____morethantwentypoundsonthenovel.A.spentB.paidC.costD.took解析：正确答案为A。本题考查动词spend的习惯用法：spendsomemoneyonsth.。24.Thechildren____playwiththem.A.wantthatIB.wantmeforC.wantmetoD.werewantingthat解析：正确答案为C。本题考查动词want的习惯用法：wantsb.todosth.。25.Theheadmastercametotheclassroomandasked____whathadhappened.A.hisstudentstotellhimB.beingtoldC.tellinghimD.totell

8解析：正确答案为A。本题考查动词ask的习惯用法：asksb.todosth.。