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intermediategear(countergear)countershaftgearcountershaftᘤᐭtransmissionimputshaftᘤtransmissionoutputshaftᘤtransmissiondrivegearshaftᘤtransmissionmainshaftᘤ transmissioncountershaftᘤḄrigidityofshaft()transmissiongearratiogearratio
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7Toverdirvegeareconomicgear᎔reversegearcreepergear{ᱯឋdriveperformanceᱯឋcoastperformanceaᐭ,ᱯឋconstantinputtorqueperformanceᐰ!ᱯឋfullthrottleperformance7ᜫᱯឋnoload(parasiticlosses)performanceᱯឋprimarycharacteristicᱯឋresponsecharacteristic
8ᔾᦈᱯឋabsorptioncharacteristicᐰᱯឋtotalexternalcharacteristicᐭᱯឋcharacteristicofenhanceᱯឋcharacteristicofexit,ᱯឋtorquefactor(coefficientofmoment)_Hᦪoverloadingratio,HᦪtorqueratioHᦪcapacityfactorrgeometrysimilaritykinematicsimilaritydynamicsimilarity
9ឋtransparencyᔣ⁚¢universaljointanddriveshaftᔣ⁚universaljoint£¤ᔣ⁚nonconstantvelocityuniversaljoint¤ᔣ⁚constantvelocityuniversaljoint¥¤ᔣ⁚nearconstantvelocityuniversaljointG¦Jᔣ⁚self-supportinguniversaljoint£G¦Jᔜ⁚nonselfsuportinguniversaljoint(Yt¨swingdiameter¤©☢constantvelocityplaneᔣ⁚ᜳ¬truejointangle
10ᓝ®Jᔣ⁚cardan(hookes)universaljointᔣ⁚lyoke¯°lflangeyork±lslipyoke±⁚²³´⁚slipjointµ¶lslipshaftyoke·l(¸ul)tube(weldyoke)ᓝ®cross(spider)ᓝ®¹ᡂcrossassemblyᢰឋᐗf¹ᡂflexibleuniversaljointᳫ├Jᔣ⁚flexiblememberassembly
11¾¿zÀhousingᳫ\ballᳫᜮballheadᳫᜮ┑button Ãᳫ¢ÄcenteringballandseatᳫÅJᔣ⁚rzeppauniversaljointÆÇÀouterraceÈÉᝅinnerraceËᢝÍcageÎᔣÏḄᳫÅJᔣ⁚plungingconstantvelocityjointÐÇÀcylinderouterrace
12¿ÇÑ⍝ÈÇᝅinnerracewithcylinderballgroovesÒÃËᢝÍnon-concentriccageѵ¶ᳫÅJᔣ⁚ballsplinerzeppauniversaljointÀouterhousingᑁÀÕinnerhousingᳫlJᔣ⁚weissuniversaljointᳫlballyokeaÃÖᳫcenteringball×ᳫ├ᔣ⁚tripoduniversaljoint׿zÀhousing×├Íspider
13¾ὶᔣ⁚doublecardanuniversaljointÙᙽJᔣ⁚tractauniversaljointÙᙽlforkyokeÛzÙᙽtongueandgroovecouplijngÜzÙᙽgroovecouplingdriveshaft(propellershaft)HdrivelineÇJdriveshafttypeÝᔣ⁚±Ḅtwo-jointinboardslipddiveshaftÝᔣ⁚Þ±twojointouboardslipdriveshaftᓫᔣ⁚singlejointcouplingshaft
14ßᔠJunitizeddriveshaft@àᘤdriveshaftabsorber ¦driveshaftcenterbearing·¸uᔠfwelddriveshafttubeassemblyᱯáâdriveshaftlengthãàäåresonantnoiseofriveshaftḄæçYcriticalspeedofdriveshaft¹ᡂḄ©⊝balanceofdriveshaftassemblyᐕê±=slip8¬phaseangleëᐰᙌdriveshaftsafetystrap
15{driveaxle(drivingaxle)îÉtypeïðJ{dividedaxle£ñòóÍJ{rigiddirveaxleñòóÍJ{independentsuspensiondriveaxleYᔣ{steeringdriveaxleô.J{tandemaxles“דô.•'three-speed'1tandemaxlesᓫ{singledriveaxleö{multiaxledrive@ᘤreducer
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18ᔠ┝ᘤautomotivepositivelockingdifferentialᑴ┝ᘤlockingdifferentialᘤhydraulicdifferentialᘤinteraxialdifferentialᘤdifferentialcarrieer(case)finalreductiongear axleratio totalreductionratio finalreductiongearratio doublereductiongearᘤdifferentialpinion-shaft
19ᘤ differentialsidegear!spidergear(planetarypinion)"#┵spiralbevelgear %☢hypoidgear'(ᑴgleasontoothᝍ+,ᑴoerlikontooth┵ᦪnumberofteethinbevelgearsandhypoidgears┵.facewidthoftoothinbevelgearsandhypoidgears/☢┵planebevelgearᝍ0ᡲ2octoidform/⚔┵contrategear
20☢456circulartoothcontact ◣backlashincirculartoothᘤᓝ9differentialspiderᘤ┝:᪀differentiallocking-deviceᘤ┝<ᦪdifferentiallockingfactorᘤ=carrierbearingaxlehousing@banjohousingAᑖtrumpet-typeaxlehousingCᔠunitizedcarrier-typeaxlehousingDᑖsplithousing
21EF4press-weldingaxlehousingGHJexpandedtubeaxlehousingKF4forgeweldingaxlehousing@L⌼castrigidaxlehousingNaxleshaftᐰPNfull-floatingaxleshaftNPNsemi-floatingaxleshaftQᑖRSPNthree-quarterfloatingaxleshaftᨬᜧ▬ḼXYsliptorqueZ[₹]^ratingaxlecapactiy driveaxleratio
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27ᓫᱏGqrsingleleafspringᱏGqrmuotileavedspringoᔣGqrlongitudinalleafspring"#rcoilspring(helicalspring)rairspringrbellowtypeairspringrdiaphragmtypeairspringrrubberspringtype@rhydraulicspringrhydro-pneumaticspringtypeᓫrsinglechamberhydragasspring 28 rdoublechamberhydragasspring@rhydraulicspringrchassisspringQᑖRᙊ2rquarterellipticspringNᙊ2rhalf-ellipticspring(semi-ellipticspring)QᑖRSᙊ2rthreequarterellipticspringᐰᙊ2rfullellipticspringevrcantileverspringrs_`sprungweightrt_`unsprungweightsr¡₹`springcapacityatpad 29ᙢ☢r¡₹`springcapacityatgroundr☟ᢰnspringstaticdeflectionr¥◣bumpclearanceofspringr¦§¨distancebetweenspringcenters©ᘤshockabsorberª©ᘤtelescopicshockabsorber«Eᘤhydraulicbuffer¬₹/©ᘤload-levellingshockabsorber©ᘤdydraulicshockabsorberA©ᘤadjustableshockabsorberv©ᘤlevertypeshockabsorber 30¯ 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35ØÆnflangeheightØNÊflangeradiusÝÞNÊflangeedgeradiusÝ.nflangewidthᑁ=¸àinnerbearingcupshoulderᑁá¨insetuᔣ¥lateralrun-outá¨outsetÊᔣ¥radiusrun-outÔrimÔÏÐÑrimsizedisignation 36Ô.nrimwidth᪗[Ô.nspecifiedrimwidthÔ×Êrimdiameter᪗[Ô×ÊspecifiedrimdiameterÔg,rimtypes@(äå)one-piece(drop-centerDC)Näåsemi-dropcenter(SDC)ætwo-pieceSthree-pieceQfour-pieceÒ¸hubseat 37çfive-pieceÔèg,rimcontourclassificationäåÔdropcenterrim(DC)äå.Ôwidedropcenterrim(WDC)NäåÔsemi-dropcenterrim(SDC)/Ôflatbaserim/.wideflatbaserim(WFB)ᐰwÔfulltaperedbeadseatrim(TB)AêᔂÔdemountablerimwheelDÍÔdividedrim(DT)Ôë@rimbase 38Ôë@ìá¨rimbaseoffsetÔìá¨rimbeveldistanceíᘂïvalveholeíᘂïḄÀprimholelocation┝ᙌågutter┝ᙌåòguttergroove┝ᙌå⚔guttertip◞ᙌspaceband◞ᙌ.nspacerbandwidth᪗[Ô×Êspecifiedrimdiameter᪗[Ô.nspecifiedrimwidth 39ôõsplineឋ┝ᙌspringlockringÕᩩÃÒshell(wireshell)Ôåwellå÷wellangleåäwelldepthåNÊwellinerradiusåḄÀpwellpositionå⚔ᙊ÷NÊwellradiustopå.nwellwidth¦§ïcenterhole 40¦§øcenterlineᜳúᙽclampᜳú"clampingbolt┵,¸("û[Àᵨ)coneseat(forretainingnut)AêᔂᙌdetachableendlessflangeAêᔂrᙌdetachablespringflangeAêᔂ┵2¸ᙌdetachableendlesstaperbeadseatringÕdiscÕᩩwirespokeþá¨zerosetǨbendingmoment 41 ᔣdynamicradialfatiguetestᔣcorneringfatiguetestaxelmounting⚠journalmounting boretyre(tire)ᑡtyreseriestyresize᪗tyremarkingspeedsymbol☢ὑ᪗treadwearindicator 42 ᩞᧇframeworkmaterial ᦪnumberofplies !plyratingcoverᑁinnertube$ᜧgrowntyreᐙ'pneumatictyre(newtyreᨵᑁtubedtyre*ᑁtubelesstyre+curingbag 43,ᶇ./reservedoldseriesoftyre012☢conventionalsectiontyre32☢lowsectiontyre432☢superlowsectiontyre56widebasetyre78diagonaltyre9ᓤ;radialplytyre<☢removabletreadtyre=>cross-countrytyre?@sandtyreABcasttyre 44CDadjustableinflationtyreEFfoamfilledtyreGDatomosphericpressuretyreᑁHᥛinternalsupportertyreJKarchtyreLᙊKellipticaltyreNOsolidtyrePQRNOcuredonsolidtyreSPQRNOpressedonsolidtyreᙊTNOcylindricalbasesolidtyre7UNOconicalbasesolidtyre 45ᢙ☟ᵯNOanti-staticsolidtyreYᵯNOconductivesolidtyreὊ[NOoil-resistancesolidtyre\]₹NOhighloadcapacitysolidtyre☢_`treadpatternaᔣ_`circumferetialpatternᔣ_`transversepatternbc_`highwaytreadpattern=>_`cross-countrytreadpatterndᔠ_`dualpurposetreadpatternfᔣ_`directionaltreadpattern 46gh_`mudandsnowpattern_`ijpatternsipe_`ᙽpatternblock_`ᩩpatternrib_`mgroove_`noptie-barofpattern_`qpatternangle_``rpatterndepth_`stupattternplanᐝ☢smoothtreadwcrown 47☢tread☢xy☢treadcap☢6ztreadbase☢6z{treadslabbase☢|}{transitionrubberoftread~ breaker belt~{ᱏbreakerstripᒹ{tie-instrip capplycarcass 48☢ cordply◞{insulationrubber{sealingrubbertyrecavityᑁ insideliner' innerlinershouldershoulderarea{shoulderwedgesidewallᢰflexingarea 49{sidewallrubber⛲decorativesidewall⛲;decorativerib;fittingline■;kerbingribᙌbeadᙌbeadringᒹ{wirecoveringᙌbeadseatᙌqbeatseatangleᙌᙊq beadseatradius 50ᙌ5beadseatwidth⌱Ḅᙌ¢beadseatoptionalcontours£◍¥center-pente(CP)¦§¥flathump(FH)¨§¥roundhump(RH)ᱯª 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145ignitiontiming#⁚ᘤignitiongovernor&overheating'oiolfouling()carbondeposit◣*+gapbridging*,ᩚ./ᱥ(2ᔠᱥ)pininsulation(cement)*,ᩚsparkplugterminalpin./5sparkpluginsulator56sparkplugbodyrim89:; 146sparkplugbody=>ᵯcentreelectrode*ᙢᵯgroundelectrode;@sparkplugthreadAtiminglag,ᙌignitioncoilCὶ,ᙌshuntwindingEὶ,ᙌserieswindingFG,ᙌacceleatingwinding⊡I,ᙌcompensatingwidningJK,ᙌair-corewinding,ᙌ5 147coilcase,ᙌ./5coiledinsulator,ᙌ./LwindinginsulatinglayerMK./Lcoreinsulatingtube./NcoreinsulatorOKmagneticcore◞Oᝅmagneticshield2ᩈSignitioncoilhead*,ThightensionterminalUVWXprimarywindingVWXsecondarywndingY⊝ᵯ[ 148ballastresistor\*,Tlowtensionternminal*]^ᵯᘤcontactbreaker^ᵯᘤ]_breakercamᑖᵯᘤignitondistributoraᡂᑖᵯᘤunitdistributorᑖᵯᘤcdistributorshaftᑖᵯᘤ8distributorhousingᑖᵯᘤd!distributorrotorᑖᵯᘤSdistributorcapᑖᵯᘤSᛞdistributorcaptowerᑖᜮ 149distributortrackᵯgᘤcondenser(capacitor),coilhightensioncable\,coollowtensioncable[h,anti-interferenceignitoncable(highresistancecable)[hᵯ[suppressorresistoriᘤd!timerrotorᵯjᐗlelectricelementsmᜮplugmnsocket]ᜮcontact*,T 150terminal;@o,Tthreadedterminalᱏq*,Tbladeterminalrm*ᘤdouble-poleconnectors,conductro■uSsplash-proofcoverv*Shingedcover┝xyᙽlockinglug{ឋ}springtube{ឋ├resilientpin]:᪗contactdisignationᵯ, 151supplylineᵯcableᵯ⁐cablecolor*ᵯ,fixedwiringᑁᵯ,internalcableᵯ,externalcableKs,multicorecablerKᵯ,twin-corecableᓫKᵯ,single-corecableK*ᵯseven-coreconnectingcableJ,unscreenedhigh-tensionignitoncalbe 152sheathmᱏmaletabmnsocketaperture}diode}zenerdiode[ᘤvaristor[hᵯ[dampingresistorᢓᑴᘤsuppressionfilter^]breakcontact ᔠ]makecontactdᣚ]changeovercontactᱏGm*l 153flatquick-connecttermination┝├detent┝mnpositivelockingfemaleconnectorJmntabwithoutshoulderᨵmntabwithshoulderᔁ*ᜮcrimpedterminationᘤtransformerᘤrectifier&over-currentprotection◅¡fuse¢£ᵯ ¤ᵯᘤminiaturecircuitbreaker◅¡8 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