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1、棉花学报CottonScience2016,28(4):345―352脱叶剂对棉花叶片叶绿素荧光动力学参数的影响*高丽丽袁李淦袁康正华袁李健伟袁王蜜蜂袁马云珍袁张巨松渊新疆农业大学/教育部棉花工程研究中心袁新疆乌鲁木齐830052冤摘要院利用叶绿素荧光动力学测定技术袁对脱叶剂的不同喷施时间条件下棉花叶片光能吸收尧传递尧转换特性及棉花产量进行了研究遥结果表明喷施脱叶剂降低了棉花叶片的光合功能袁降低了最大光化学效率渊Maxi-mumphotochemicalefficiency,v/m冤及PSⅡ反应中心开放部分的比例袁使初始荧光渊M
2、inimalfluorescence,o冤上升尧光合电子传递速率(Electrontransportrate,)和PSⅡ总的光化学量子产量(Photosyntheticquantumyield,)降低袁提高了非光化学猝灭系数(Non-radiantenergy,)袁说明脱叶剂胁迫下棉花叶片发生了光抑制袁PSⅡ复合体受到损伤伴随着光合电子传递受阻遥吐絮率10%时喷施脱叶剂使棉花铃重尧衣分尧皮棉产量显著低于对照遥吐絮率50%时喷施脱吐隆300g窑hm－2+40%乙烯利1200mL窑hm－2袁第25天棉花脱叶率为90.1%袁吐絮率为9
3、9.87%袁对棉花铃重尧衣分及皮棉产量影响最小且更有利于促进叶片脱落和棉铃成熟遥关键词院棉花曰脱叶剂曰叶绿素荧光曰产量中图分类号院S562.01文献标志码院A文章编号院1002-7807渊2016冤04-0345-0810.11963/issn.1002-7807.201604005*GaoLili,LiGan,KangZhenghua,LiJianwei,WangMifeng,MaYunzhen,ZhangJusong(830052,)Toexplorethephysiologicalmechanismofdefoliatin
4、gcottonleavesunderdifferentsprayingtimes,weinvestigatedtheabsorption,transmittance,andtransformationofsolarradiationbycottonleavesusingthechlorophyllfluorescencedetermi-nationmethod.Resultsshowthattheapplieddefoliantreducedcottonleafphotosynthesis,maximumphotochemica
5、lefficiency,photosyntheticelectrontransportrateandphotosyntheticquantumyield,butincreasedminimalfluorescenceanddissipationofnon-radiantenergy,whichindicatesthatcottonleavesmightexperiencesomedegreeofphotosyntheticprotectionunderdefo-liantstress.Comparedwiththidiazuro
6、n,DroppUltra(Bayer,Germany)ismoreeffectiveinacceleratingtheprocessofcottonleafsenescence.Whenadefoliantwasappliedtocottonwhenthebollopeningratereached10%,bollweight,lintpercentage,andlintyieldweresignificantlylowerthanthecontro(sprayingwater)l.Whensprayingtheplantswi
7、thDroppUltra300g窑hm－2+40%ethylene1200mL窑hm－2whenthebollopeningratereached50%,therateofshedleaveswas90.1%andthebollopeningratewas99.87%afteraperiodof25days,whichindicatesthisapplicationhasminimalimpactoncottonbollweight,lintper-centage,andlintyield,andismoreconducivet
8、othepromotionofmaturebollsanddefoliation.cotton;defoliants;chlorophyllfluorescence;yield[7][8]棉花是我国主要经济作物袁棉花进行化学脱量遥王刚等和姜鸿君认为棉花自然吐絮率
