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1、SomecharacteristicsoftheatmosphereduringanadiabaticprocessPROGRESSINNATURALSCIENCEVo1.16.No.6.June2006SomecharacteristicsoftheatmosphereduringanadiabaticprocessGAOLi一.1.IJianpingandRENHongli(1.LASG,InstituteofAtmosphericPhysics,ChineseAcademyofSciences,Beijing10002
2、9,China;2.GraduateSchoolofChineseA-cademyofSciences,Beijing100049,China;3.NationalClimateCenter,LaboratoryofClimateStudies,ChinaMeteorologicalAdminis—tr0tion,Beijing100081,China)ReceivedSeptember10,2005AbstractSomeimportantcharacteristicsoftheatmosphereduringanadia
3、baticprocessareinvestigated,whichindudetheinvari-abilityofammsphericentropyrangeandlocalsurfacepotentialtemperature,theconservatkmoftheatmosphericmassintervenedbetweenanyisentropicsurfaceandtheground,andtheisentropicsurfaceintersectingwiththeground.Theanalysisshows
4、thattheatmosphericreferencestate(ARS)forinvestigationonavailablepotentialenergy(APE)shouldbedefinedobjectivelyasthestatewhichcouldbeap-proachedfromtheexistingatmospherebyadiabaticadjustment,andberelatedtoinitialatmosphericstatebeforeadjustrnentFortheinitialatmosphe
5、restateatanYtime.itscorrespondingAIRSisdifferentfromtheoneatanothertimeBasedontheabove.mentionedconclusions,thereferencestateproposedbyLorenzcannotbeobtainedphysically,soanewconception,theconditionalminimumtotalpotentialener—gY.isputforwardinordertoobjectivelyinves
6、tigateatmosphericAPEKeywords:availablepotentialenergy,adiabatic.isentropicsurface,atmosphericreferencestate,conditionalminimumtotalIm?tentialenergy.Thestudiesonavailablepotentialenergy(APE)alwaysplayanimportantroleinatmosphericenerget—ics.TheterminologyofAPEwasfirs
7、tintroducedforthegeneralcirculationbyMargules…,andlaterrede—finedbyLorenz31.Furthermore,approximateandexactformulasforcalculatingAPEanditsgenerationwerepromoted,butthosederivationsaretraditionallybasedontheassumptionsthathydrostaticbalanceprevails,theatmosphereisst
8、ablystratifiedeverywhere,thelatentenergydoesnotcontributetotheinternalenergy,andsurfacetopographycanbeig—nored.Therehavebeenmanyapproximationsdev
