Shriver 5e Answers to Self Tests and Exercises

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1、Answerstoself-testsandexercisesCHAPTER11.7TakethesummationoftherestmassesofallthenucleioftheproductsminusthemassesofSelf-teststhenucleiofthereactants.Ifyougetanegativenumber,energywillbereleased.80Br+181Br+γButwhatyouhavecalculatedisthemassS1.1350n35difference,whichinthecaseofanuclea

2、rS1.2dorbitals,5orbitalsreactionisconvertedtoenergy.S1.341.80.25S1.43p1.9–13.2eVS1.5Theaddedpelectronisinadifferent(p)4-1orbital,soitislessshielded.1.101524nm,1.524X10cmS1.6Ni:[Ar]34ds82,Ni:[28+Ar]3d1⎛11⎞7−11.11=R⎜−⎟=1.0974X10mλ⎝12∞2⎠S1.7Period4,Group2,sblockS1.8Goingdownagrouptheato

3、micradius1⎛11⎞7−1increasesandthefirstionizationenergy=R⎜2−2⎟=1.0288X10mλ⎝14⎠generallydecreases.S1.9Group16.Thefirstfourelectronsare1⎛11⎞6−1removedwithgraduallyincreasingvalues.=R⎜2−2⎟=9.7547X10mλ⎝13⎠Removingthefifthelectronrequiresalargeincreaseinenergy,indicatingbreakingintoa1⎛11⎞6−

4、1completesubshell.=R⎜−⎟=8.2305X10mλ⎝1222⎠S1.10AddinganotherelectrontoCwouldresultinthestablehalffilledpsubshell.1.120upton-X+1.13n2S1.11Cs1.14ExercisesNlmlOrbitalNumberdesignationoforbitals1.1(a)14N+4He→17O+1p+γ21+1,0,2p37281−112113(b)6C+1p→7N+γ32+2,+1,3d5141312…,−2(c)N+n→H+C70164004

5、s143+3,+2,4f7246122571…,−31.2Cm+C→Uub+n96611201.3ThehighervalueofI2forCrrelativetoMnis1.15n=5,l=3,andml=-3,-2,-1,0,1,2,3aconsequenceofthespecialstabilityofhalf-1.16Li:σ=Z–Zeff;σ=3-1.28=1.72filledsubshellconfigurationsandthehigherZeffofa3delectronversesa4selectron.Be:σ=Z–Zeff;σ=4-1.19

6、=2.092242511.410Ne+→+2He12Mg0nB:σ=Z–Zeff;σ=5-2.42=2.589912411.54Be+4Be→6C+2He+20nC:σ=Z–Zeff;σ=6-3.14=2.861.6Sincehelium-4isthebasicbuildingblock,N:σ=Z–Zeff;σ=7-3.83=3.17mostadditionalfusionprocesseswillproducenucleiwithevenatomicnumbers.O:σ=Z–Zeff;σ=8-4.45=3.55F:σ=Z–Zeff;σ=9-5.10=3.9

7、01.17The1selectronsshieldthepositivechargeformthe2selectrons.12ANSWERSTOSELF-TESTSANDEXERCISES1.18SeeFigs1.11through1.161.301.19SeeTable1.6anddiscussion.1.20Table1.6showsSR>Ba

8、hestabilityo