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1、主语从句一、名词性从句概述：在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词性从句(NounClauses）。名词性从句的功能相当于名词词组,它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语等，因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。名词性从句的连词连接词：that，if/whether(是否)，连接代词：what,whatever,who,whoever,whom,whomever,whose,which,whichever连接副词：when,where,how,why,whenever,wherever,however
2、 辨别下列名词性从句的类别：1.Howthebookwillselldependsonitsauthor.2.JohnsaidthathewasleavingforLondononWednesday.3.Thefactisthathehasnotbeenseenrecently.4.Thefactthathehasnotbeenseenrecentlydisturbseveryoneinhisoffice.5.HewilltalktousaboutwhathesawinU.S.6.ItisimpossiblethatIgoandattendthemeeting.
3、二、主语从句的连词分三类（1）从属连词引导的主语从句（thatwhetherif）that引导的主语从句:引导词that无含义/在句中不做成分/不可以省。That引导主语从句通常用it作形式主语。例如：Thatyouwillwinthemedalseemsunlikely.Thatyouaresoindifferentbothersme.Thatshesurvivedtheaccidentisamiracle.whether引导的主语从句:whether有含义(是否)/在句中不做成分/不可以省。注意：引导主语从句，不能用if不能在开头，只能用whether。Wh
4、etherwewillholdapartyintheopenairtomorrowdependsontheweather.Whethersheiscomingornotdoesn’tmattertoomuch.（2）用连接代词引导的主语从句在由连接代词who,whose,whom,which,what,whoever,whomever,whichever,7whatever引导的名词性从句中，其连接代词在句中起名词性作用，担当一定成分.例如：Whatyouneedismorepractice.WhatIwanttoknowisthis.Whateverwedoi
5、stoservethepeople.注：whatever/whoever的功用whatever,whoever在主语从句中不含疑问意义。它引导主语从句，并在从句中作主语、宾语、表语等。whatever=anythingthat;whoever=anyonewho。要注意和whatever,whoever引导的让步状语从句的区别。如：Whoeverbreaksthelawshouldbepunished.（主语从句）（＝Anyonewhobreaksthelawshouldbepunished.）Whoeverbreaksthelaw,heshouldbepuni
6、shed.（让步状语从句）（＝Nomatterwhobreaksthelaw,heshouldbepunished.）（3）用连接副词when,where,why,how引导的名词性从句(其连接副词有含义,在句中作状语。)例如:Whereweshouldleaveitisaproblem.Whentheywillcomehasn’tbeenmadepubic.三、it作形式主语的主语从句有时为了考虑句子平衡，通常在主语从句处使用形式主语it，而将真正的主语从句移至句末。这分四种情况：(1)对于以连词that引导的主语从句，通常用形式主语it替代主语从句：I
7、tis+名词+从句Itisafactthat…事实是……Itisgoodnewsthat………是好消息Itisaquestionthat………是个问题Itiscommonknowledgethat………是常识类似的名词还有：apity；awonder；agoodthing；nowonder；surprise等。Itisamysterytomehowitallhappened.Itiscommonknowledgethatthewhaleisnotafish.7ItisnosurprisethatBobshouldhavewonthegame.It’sapityt
8、hatyoumissed
