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1、ProgrammableLogicControllers(PLC)1.AboutProgrammableLogicControllers(PLC)Everyoneknowsthere’sonlyoneconstantinthetechnologyworld,andthat’schange.ThisisespeciallyevidentintheevolutionofProgrammableLogicControllers(PLC)andtheirvariedapplications.Fromtheirintroductionmo
2、rethan30yearsago,PLChasbecomethecomerstoneofhundredsofthousandsofcontrolsystemsinawiderangeofindustries.Atheart,thePLCisanindustrializedcomputerprogrammedwithhighlyspecializedlanguages,anditcontinuestobenefitfromtechnologicaladvancesinthecomputerandinformationtechnol
3、ogyworlds.Themostprominentofwhichisminiaturizationandcommunications.ProgrammablelogiccontrollersI/Ochannelspecificationsincludetotalnumberofpoints,numberofinputsandoutputs,abilitytoexpand,andmaximumnumberofchannels. Numberofpointsisthesumoftheinputsandtheoutputs.PLCm
4、aybespecifiedbyanypossiblecombinationofthesevalues. Expandableunitsmaybestackedorlinkedtogethertoincreasetotalcontrolcapacity. Maximumnumberofchannelsreferstothemaximumtotalnumberofinputandoutputchannelsinanexpandedsystem. PLCsystemspecificationstoconsiderincludescan
5、time,numberofinstructions,datamemory,andprogrammemory. ScantimeisthetimerequiredbythePLCtocheckthestatesofitsinputsandoutputs. Instructionsarestandardoperations(suchasmathfunctions)availabletoPLCsoftware. Datamemoryisthecapacityfordatastorage. Programmemoryisthecapac
6、ityforcontrolsoftware.AvailableinputsforprogrammablelogiccontrollersincludeDC,AC,analog,thermocouple,RTD,frequencyorpulse,transistor,andinterruptinputs. OutputsforPLCincludeDC,AC,relay,analog,frequencyorpulse,transistor,triac. ProgrammingoptionsforPLCincludefrontpane
7、l,handheld,andcomputer.Programmablelogiccontrollersuseavarietyofsoftwareprogramminglanguagesforcontrol. TheseincludeIEC61131-3,sequentialfunctionchart(SFC),functionblockdiagram(FBD),ladderdiagram(LD),structuredtext(ST),instructionlist(IL),relayladderlogic(RLL),31flow
8、chart,C,andBasic. TheIEC61131-3programmingenvironmentprovidessupportforfivelanguagesspecifiedbytheglobalstandard:SequentialFunction
